1. BELL RINGER
There are over 20 million new STI cases each year, approximately how many of these cases are among individuals between the age of
15 and 24?
9 million

2. STDS AND STIS
Chapter 24 (p. 656)

3. What is a STD/STI?
STD- Sexually Transmitted Disease are infections spread from person to person through sexual contact
AKA STI- Sexually Transmitted Infection
STIs are easily be transmitted from one person to another. (communicable diseases)
There are approximately 25 STDs worldwide
Not all STDs show symptoms (asymptomatic) or symptoms are mild and disappear after the onset of the infection
Approximately 9 million young people between will be come infected with STDs each year. There are about 20 million new cases each year.
“Silent Epidemic”

4. Risk & Protective Factors
STD/STI
Most Common
Risk & Protective Factors
Getting Help
Modes of Transmission

5. What are the 6 Most Common STds/stis
Genital HPV Infections
Chlamydia
Genital Herpes
Gonorrhea
Trichomoniasis
Syphilis

6. Genital HPV Infections

7. Genital HPV Infections
Over 6 Million new cases each year in the U.S.
Can cause genital warts & may lead to cervical cancer in females
Most infected individuals have no symptoms or symptoms disappear without treatment
Vaccine (preventative) is available for males and females

8. Chlamydia

9. Affects the reproductive organs of both males and females
Chlamydia
Affects the reproductive organs of both males and females
About 2.8 million Americans get chlamydia
each year.
It is the most common STD among teens.
Females are 3x more likely to contract than males
Although there are typically no symptoms; however, chlamydia may cause PID, pelvic pain, and infertility (males/females)
Females with chlamydia are 5x more likely to become infected with HIV if exposed

10. Genital herpes

11. Genital herpes Caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus
HSV1 Cold Sores HSV2  Genital Sores
45 Million people in the U.S. 12 years and older have contract genital herpes
Many individuals are asymptomatic; however- virus typically causes sores within the first 2 weeks of contraction and will take several weeks to heal, eventually followed by shorter less severe outbreaks that occur on and off over years
Treatment is available but there is no cure

12. Gonorrhea

13. Gonorrhea More than 700,000 Americans are infected with Gonorrhea
Many males are asymptomatic meanwhile females tend to have mild symptoms
Infected individuals may experience severe medical problems if untreated… such as infertility, joint problems, and eye issues/blindness when passed from mother to child during birth.
2nd most commonly reported STD in U.S.

14. Trichomoniasis

15. Trich causes infections to the vagina, urethra, and bladder
Trichomoniasis
Trich causes infections to the vagina, urethra, and bladder
7.4 million new cases occur every year in the U.S .
Symptoms include temporary irritation to the penis, mild discharge, burning sensation, and vaginitis (inflammatory disease)… Babies born with trich are often premature and/or have a low birth weight
Females have increase rate of contracting HIV if exposed to trich infection

16. Syphilis

17. The infection produces a skin rash for a few weeks then disappears
Syphilis
The infection passes through three stages.
Stage 1-
A sore appears on the external genitals or the vagina, disappears after a few weeks
Stage 2-
The infection produces a skin rash for a few weeks then disappears
Stage 3-
Syphilis can damage internal organs, cause brain dementia, and may cause death
Treatment available during early stages

18. Vocab Terms
STD-
STI-
Communicable Disease-
Asymptomatic-
Symptomatic-

19. Vocab Terms STD- Sexually Transmitted Disease
STI- Sexually Transmitted Infection
Communicable Disease- A disease that is spread from one living organism to another through the environment
Asymptomatic- People who are infected show no symptoms or the infections produce mild symptoms that disappear
Symptomatic- People who are infected show symptoms

21. Which STDs can be asymptomatic?
BELL ringer
Which STDs can be asymptomatic?
Why should a person who is asymptomatic seek testing after being exposed to an STD?
Remember you should be providing thoughtful ideas in complete sentences.
Minimum of 2 Today.

22. Mode of Transmission &risk/Protective Factors

23. Bell Ringer
Identify at least THREE specific types of sexual contact or other means in which STIs/STDs may spread.

24. Modes of Transmission Oral, Vaginal & Anal Intercourse
Direct Contact with Sores (and other symptoms)
Kissing
During Pregnancy
Skin to Skin Contact
Sharing Needles
Fluid Exchange
Please Note: Mode of Transmission Varies for Each STI…
To Learn More About How Each STI Is Spread- Check Out Your Book 

25. What is the Difference? Risk Factors Protective Factors
Any variable, characteristic, or exposure that increases the likelihood [risk] of developing a disease or injury.
Any variable or characteristic that decreases or eliminate risk [STI] therefore increasing the health and well-being of an individual.

26. HS Diploma Divorce Family Form Values & Goals HS Dropout Depression
Abstinence
Age
Divorce
HS Diploma
Parents have
high level
of education
Income
Sexually Active Peers
Parent was a
Teen Parent
Self-Esteem
Older Friends
Drug & Alcohol Use
Shared
Family Values
Multiple Sexual Partners
Parent-Child
Communication
Family Form
Sibling(s) or Peer(s)
begin having early
sexual encounters
Serial Monogamy
Connection to School
Values & Goals
Health Care
Parental disapproval
of premarital
or teen sex
Early
Sexual Activity
Older Partner (BF/GF)
Parental Interest/
Supervision
Positive Family
Interactions
HS Dropout
Lack of knowledge about Birth Control Methods

27. Multiple Sexual Partners Lack of knowledge about Birth Control Methods
Depression
Abstinence
Age
Divorce
HS Diploma
Parents have
high level
of education
Income
Sexually Active Peers
Parent was a
Teen Parent
Self-Esteem
Older Friends
Drug & Alcohol Use
Shared
Family Values
Multiple Sexual Partners
Parent-Child
Communication
Family Form
Sibling(s) or Peer(s)
begin having early
sexual encounters
Serial Monogamy
Connection to School
Values & Goals
Health Care
Parental disapproval
of premarital
or teen sex
Early
Sexual Activity
Older Partner (BF/GF)
Parental Interest/
Supervision
Positive Family
Interactions
HS Dropout
Lack of knowledge about Birth Control Methods

28. Questions are available on my teacher website if needed when at home.
HOMEWORK
Directions: Using the idea of risk and protective factors as well as the examples provided during class, answer the questions below.
Identify 2 PROTECTIVE factors that you have in your life that may help reduce your risk of contracting an STI. Please explain why you think each factor will specifically help in STI prevention. 
Identify at least 1 RISK factor that you have in your life that may increase your risk of contracting an STI. Please explain why you think the factor will specifically increase the chances of getting an STI. 
Questions are available on my teacher website if needed when at home.

29. Diagnosing and Treating STDs
Getting Help
Diagnosing and Treating STDs

30. Avoiding High-Risk Behaviors & STDs
Each month about 750,000 teens are diagnosed with an STD.
Avoiding High-Risk Behaviors & STDs
High Risk Behaviors:
Being sexually active with more than one person
Engaging in unprotected sex
Engaging in sexual activity with high risk partners
Using alcohol and other drugs

32. Getting Help: Diagnosing & Treating STDS
STI Tests:
Physical Exam
Blood Test
Urine Test
Visual Inspection
Testing of Sore
Specimen Collection
PAP Smear
The Pap smear is a screening test for cervical cancer. Cells scraped from the opening of the cervix are examined under a microscope. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus (womb) that opens at the top of the vagina.
Who can complete these medical tests, exams, inspections, collections, and procedures?
Only a trained medical professional can determine which test will most effectively screen for a particular STD and then based on results prescribe medication and monitor the patients treatment.

33. Getting Help: Diagnosing & Treating STDS
Bacterial Infections
Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Trich, and Syphilis
Can be Treated & Cured
Viral Infections
HPV and Genital Herpes
Can be Treated BUT No Cure
Antibiotics- are a class of chemical agents that destroy disease causing microorganisms while leaving the individual unharmed
The only method
that is
100%
successful in preventing the contraction and spread of STIs is ABSTINENCE.

34. Where can I Seek Help? National HIV and STD Testing Resources
THE CDC 
Planned Parenthood
Physician (Doctor)
Office of Adolescent Health.gov

35. The STD Epidemic
The CDC (center for disease control) estimates that each year ____________________ people are infected with and STD
Almost half are under the age of _________
Top reasons STDs go undiagnosed and untreated….
_______________________________
19 million 24
Embarrassment or fear
Lack of symptoms
Misinformation

36. Exit Ticket
Your best friend comes to you and tell you that he/she thinks they have an STI.
What are the first THREE meaningful questions you would ask them?
What are the TWO comforting things/pieces of advice you would give them?
What is the ONE thing you would do to be a good friend to them right now in this situation?