1. Copyright © 2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited Attraction and intimacy  Need to belong  A motivation to bond with others in relationships that provide ongoing, positive interactions  The pain of rejection 1 Eisenberger, Lieberman, & Williams (2003) LO1

2. Copyright © 2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited Proximity  Interaction  Anticipation of interaction  Mere exposure  Mere exposure effect: The tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more or rated more positively after the rater has been repeatedly exposed to them 2 LO1

3. Copyright © 2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited Physical attractiveness  Attractiveness and dating  Gender differences and similarities  The matching phenomenon  The tendency for men and women to choose as partners those who are a “good match” in attractiveness and other traits  The physical attractiveness stereotype  The presumption that physically attractive people possess other socially desirable traits as well  First impressions  Is the “beautiful is good” stereotype accurate? 3 LO1

4. Copyright © 2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited Physical attractiveness  Who is attractive?  “Averageness” as attractiveness  Evolution and attraction  Social comparison  The attractiveness of those we love 4 LO1

5. Copyright © 2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited Similarity vs. complementarity  Do birds of a feather flock together?  Likeness begets liking  Dissimilarity breeds dislike  Do opposites attract?  Complementarity: The popularly supposed tendency, in a relationship between two people, for each to complete what is missing in the other 5 LO1

6. Copyright © 2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited What leads to friendship and attraction?  Liking those who like us  Attribution  Ingratiation  Self-esteem and attraction  Gaining another’s esteem  Relationship rewards  Reward theory of attraction: The theory that we like those whose behaviour is rewarding to us or whom we associate with rewarding events  Liking by association 6 LO1