1. 1 Science Math Engineering Technology

2. 2 Boat Competition Project Lesson Plan Objective: The students will use materials provided, to apply an understanding of buoyancy and boat trim (balance) in designing a boat that floats and carries as much weight as possible. SOL: Force, Matter, Displacement, Buoyancy, Volume. Area, & decimal math computations (Also History, Social Science and Art) Warm-up: Why are there different shapes of boats? Class exercise: If you could build a boat, what type of hull would you use and why? Direct Instruction: Lets learn about boat hull types Ship hull shapes and their characteristics (slides 2 thru 7) Displacement demonstration (slide 8) Floating lemon demonstration (slide 9) Buoyancy experiment (slide 10) Hull trim (slides 11 thru 19) Ship directions game (slide 20) History of Starboard and Port sides (slide 21) Boat competition project parameters (slide 22) Guided Practice: Displacement and Buoyancy (slides 8 & 9) Independent Practice: Boat Competition Project Closure: Judging of boat project competition NOTE: The math calculations do not need to be taught comprehensively to the students; however, the instructor could perform the calculations to demonstrate how math operations can reveal the information needed in some of these activities (meaningfulness of math). The level of math presentation is left to the discretion of the instructor.

3. 3 Why are there different shapes of boats?

4. 4 What is the use of this flatboat for these settlers?

5. 5 How is a modern barge like the flatboat?

6. 6 What are the hull characteristics of a canoe?

7. 7 Destroyers have similar hull forms as canoes

8. 8 How about the hull of an aircraft carrier?

9. 9 Displacement Demonstration Demonstration: Pour oil in a clear container holding water to show displacement Materials Needed: 1.Transparent, round container 2.Water 3.Molasses in a separate container 4.Grease pencil 5.Scale for weighing 6.Rule Molasses

10. 10 Displacement with Lemon Demonstration: Show that the lemon floats because it displaces its weight in water Materials Needed: 1.Transparent, round container 2.Water 3.Lemon 4.Grease pencil 5.Scale for weighing 6.Rule Initial Height Final Height

11. 11 Buoyancy Hands-on Experiment : Gently push the smaller bucket into the 5 gallon bucket of water. The open container is displacing the water Feel the force pushing back Notice the force gets greater the deeper the smaller bucket goes, i.e. the more water that is displaced (Try a variety of diameter buckets that would displace different volumes of water and, therefore, have different buoyancy push-backs) Materials Needed: 1.1 Bucket (5 gallon preferable) per 2 students 2.Smaller bucket to fit inside 5 gallon bucket 3.Water (level to be ascertained by instructor ahead of time to avoid overflow) Buoyancy Force Water displaced Water displaced Force Pushing Down (person) Empty Container Water

12. 12 A See-Saw in Trim 380 Lbs 400 Lbs Board = 20 Lbs Support (fulcrum) can hold 400 Lbs 380 lbs 20 lbs + 400 lbs C G CG = Center of Gravity (It is the point on an object where it is balanced)

13. 13 A Canoe in water is like a see saw 100 Lbs C G In Trim 100 Lbs C G 100 Lbs Back in Trim 100 Lbs Out of Trim C G 100 Lbs Out of Trim C G

14. 14 A Canoe in water is like a see saw In Trim 50 lbs C G Out of Trim 50 lbs C G Out of Trim 50 lbs C G Back in Trim 50 lbs C G 50 lbs

15. 15 Directions on a Ship Starboard Forward Aft Port

16. 16 In ancient history, ships did not have a rudder in the center of the aft end of the ship. The rudder was actually a paddle which was placed in the water over the side at the aft end of the boat. If you look at this two-mast vessel you can see a steersman in the back with a paddle over one side. That paddle is a "steer board," which was used to steer and some of these were fixed so it could turn but not be lifted. The side of the ship with the "steer board" is the starboard side. To prevent damage to the steer board, the other side was the side that went alongside the dock when they were in port. Hence, it was the port side (it used to be called the larboard side but this was confused with starboard in a storm when the captain shouted orders) What is the history of Port and Starboard? Steer board