1. Spectral Reflectance Asphalt & Concrete R =1-A Spectral Reflectance Asphalt & Concrete R =1-A

2. Green Veg & Astroturf R =1-A Green Veg & Astroturf R =1-A

3. R =1-A Green Veg & Fall Colors R =1-A

4. Plant Pigments So, what absorbs in functioning leaves? (Reflectance = 1.0 - Absorption 

5. Snow, Clouds, Water, Soil, & Green Veg R =1-A R =1-A

6. Snow, Clouds, Water, Soil, & Green Veg R =1-A Snow, Clouds, Water, Soil, & Green Veg R =1-A

7. Basic Interactions between Electromagnetic Energy and the Earth’s Surface R =1-A R =1-A

8. Specular versus Diffuse Reflectance R =1-A R =1-A

9. Bidirectional Reflectance of Black Spruce & Jack Pine in shadow no shadows R =1-A R =1-A

10. Bidirectional Reflectance of Black Spruce & Jack Pine in shadow no shadows R =1-A R =1-A

11. Bidirectional Reflectance of Black Spruce & Jack Pine in shadow no shadows R =1-A R =1-A

12. ~1370 watts/m 2 M =  T 4  Total Energy Flux: M =  T 4 (w/m 2   = 5.67x10 -8 w/m 2 *K 4

13. 92%

15. Incoming/Outgoing max = 2898/5880 = 0.49  m max = 9.7  m

16. Solar Irradiance at Earth’s Surface Exoatmospheric Solar Irradiance atmospheric limb

17. Spectral Exitance

18. Earth’s reflective (sun) & emissive (reradiation) regions

19. Inverse distance & intensity

21. Homework Assignment 4: 9/30/2003 The distance from the center of the sun to its photosphere is 6.96 x 10 8 m. The mean distance from the center of the sun to the earth is 1.5 x 10 11 m. Assume the sun’s mean temperature to be 5880 K, the earth’s to be 288 K, and that both are perfect radiators. The distance from the center of the sun to its photosphere is 6.96 x 10 8 m. The mean distance from the center of the sun to the earth is 1.5 x 10 11 m. Assume the sun’s mean temperature to be 5880 K, the earth’s to be 288 K, and that both are perfect radiators. (A). What is the total energy which the sun radiates? (w/m 2 ) (B). What is the total energy which the earth radiates? (w/m 2 ) (C). Calculate the sun’s energy received at the top of the earth’s atmosphere in W m -2. (w/m 2 ) (D). Calculate the energy of the earth received at the surface of the sun’s photosphere. (w/m 2 ) (E). Calculate the sun’s energy received at the top of Venus’ and Mars’ atmospheres. (w/m 2 ) Assume an albedo of 0.3 for Venus, Earth, and Mars. Assume an albedo of 0.3 for Venus, Earth, and Mars. (F). Calcuate the total watts absorbed by each planet.

22. Sunday at 5 pm Hotel Washington’s roof bar