1. Objective measurements of light trespass and surfaces Marc Gillet Prof. Rombouts (Univ. Brussels) with collabor. Univ. Berlin (prof. Kaase)

2. Main Conclusions 1. Precise Algorithm and measurement system to calculate upward flux 2. Reduction of SKY GLOW is FIRST A QUESTION OF PERFORMANCE i.e REDUCE the installed lumen package for the same “lighting levels”

3. Main Conclusions (II) Therefore : interest for dimming ---> interest for dimming to reach “J.N” flux interest for an “in situ” roadpavement measurement system ---> interest for an “in situ” roadpavement measurement system (to minimize installed flux)

4. Summary 1. Introduction 2. Algorithm 3. Measurements 4. Calculations

5. 1. Introduction Many authors work with reflection Assumptions for ”  ” Wide variation  = 0.07  = 0.10  = 0.18

6. 2. Algorithm (I)  =  r /  i L p = q ( ,  ). E p  r =   ( , nature of road).E.dS =  (  i.dS).E i

7. Algorithm (II) / case of a road ROAD Surround

8. 3. Measurements (I) X P 750 P´’ Baffle Detector Sample

9. Measurements (II)

10. Measurements (III)

11. Measurements (IV)

12. Measurements (V)  Highly VARIABLE Increases with  Lower for Asphalt than Concrete Flatter in the case of Concrete

13. 4. Conditions of Calculations Road Width = 7m Overhang = -1m Single sided arrangement H=10m Spacing optimized to obtain ->L=0.75cd/m² ->U0 >40% ->Ul > 60% ->TI < 15%

14. 4. Conditions of Calculations (II) Dimming to obtain the “J.N”  various Light Distributions Optimization on Asphalt Porous Asphalt Concrete Calculation of  t =  d +  r

16. 4. Calculations(IV) TOTAL UPWARD FLUX (Asphalt) INSTALLED LAMP KLM/KM

17. 4. Calculations (V) TOTAL UPWARD FLUX (Asphalt)

18. 4. Calculations (VI) REPARTITION OF FLUXES

19. 4. Calculations (VII)  ave =  reflect. /(E.S) with  reflect from calculation tool and E from “lighting design soft.”

20. 4. Calculations (VIII) Ref. and C.g  = 7.4%  = 50° Flat glass  = 7.2%  = 46°

21. 4. Calculations (IX) TOTAL UPWARD FLUX (Porous Asphalt)

22. 4. Calculations (X) TOTAL UPWARD FLUX (Concrete)

23. 6. Near Future Refine analysis for surroundings CELMA guidance notes soon