1. 12.7.09 TEAM 13—GEOMELT

2. The Team Jacob Speelman (ME) Caleb Rottman (EE) Eric Ledy (ME) Eric Geerlings (CE)

3. Outline Project Overview Goals Field Research Preliminary Design Model Experiments Design Norms Acknowledgements Questions

4. Project Overview OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions Lake-effect snow can lead to severe storms, but Calvin never cancels class! Michigan receives ≈ 72 inches of snow annually http://www.saugus.net/Photos/images/blizzard_05_snowplow.jpg http://www.duluthstreams.org/understanding/lake_effect.html

5. Project Overview Problems with the Burton St. Entrance to Calvin Intersection is dangerous to plow during the daytime Safety for Pedestrians and Vehicles Conventional Snowmelt systems typically near buildings Proposed Snowmelt Solutions Closed Geothermal loop using 49° F fluid Geothermal Ground Source Heat Pump OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

6. Goals Primary: To design a geothermal snowmelt system for Calvin’s Burton Street Entrance Optimization and comparative analysis between  Heat pump or not?  Asphalt or concrete? Secondary: To design and construct a small model to demonstrate the operation of a geothermal snowmelt system OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

7. Field Research Design drawings from Moore & Bruggink OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

8. Field Research Design drawings from Moore & Bruggink OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

9. Field Research Site visit to Washington Ave. in Grand Haven Commercial snowmelt installation under asphalt OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

10. Field Research OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions Steam is supplied by the nearby power plant

11. Preliminary System Design Energy Requirements 120-250 BTU/ft 2 for a Type II (commercial) system 112-330 BTU/ft 2 ASHRAE values Buffalo, New York OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

12. Preliminary System Design First attempt at EES Model Mathematical heat transfer model Initial calculations are still not accurate enough to give numbers we can rely on Pipe Design Choices HDPE for Heat Collection Pipes PEX for Heat Dissipation Pipes Thermal Conductivity Considerations  Cost/Benefit Analysis OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

13. Preliminary System Design Heat Pump With or Without a heat pump?  Rough calculations suggest that if there is no heat pump, the water pump would have to run at > 400 GPM  Heat pump may be required to supply necessary power in order to attain a more reasonable flow rate of < 200 GPM Heat Pump vs. Steam System  Costs and viability may have to be compared OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

14. Preliminary Site Design Option One: 1300 ft 2 OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

15. Preliminary Site Design Option Two: 3600 ft 2 OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

16. Preliminary Site Design Option Three: 4000 ft 2 OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

17. Preliminary Site Design Option Four: 7000 ft 2 OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

18. Preliminary Site Design Customer vs. Public Needs Where do pedestrians walk?  Do they slip and fall?  Do they cross the entrance often? How might drivers be affected? Which areas must be melted to solve plowing issues? OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

19. Model Experimental Model Use to acquire scientific data Empirically prove viability of geothermal snowmelt Strictly controlled non-dimensional parameter for heat transfer Cannot mimic real-world ground heat transfer conditions Demonstrative Model Demonstrates operation of a geothermal snowmelt system Test control system Not used to acquire empirical data OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

20. Experiments Thermocouples Suffering the consequences of getting behind schedule We will install thermocouples at 2, 4, 6, and 8 feet We will be taking data weekly Soil Collection Grain Size Distribution Analysis Thermal Conductivity Measurements Wintertime Traffic Study Vehicle and Pedestrian Possibly even Plowing Frequency Methods OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

21. Design Norms Stewardship Save on energy and reduce fossil fuel use Balance needs and wants with cost and necessity Caring Increase safety for pedestrians and vehicles Transparency Not going to use smoke and mirrors The calculations will speak for themselves OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsDesign NormsQuestions

22. Acknowledgements Charles Huizinga, Calvin College Physical Plant Marc Huizinga, Calvin College Physical Plant Ren Tubergen, Industrial Consultant Professor Nielsen, Team Advisor Frank Gorman, Calvin College Architect Gary Slykhouse, City of GR Engineering Dept. Bob Bruggink, of Moore & Bruggink Roy Laisure, of Moore & Bruggink OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsAcknowledgeQuestions

23. We will now take your questions OverviewGoalsField ResearchPreliminary DesignModelExperimentsAcknowledgeQuestions