1. PaMs Report:Transport Sector

2. 2 Overview GHG Profile of Transport Sector Implementation Aspects Drivers, Policy Options and Action Patterns Success Story Finland Conclusions and Outlook

3. 3 Transport is a major and steadily growing contributor Share of total GHG in 2000: 15.7% to 30.8% Growth rate 90-00 highest among all sectors GHG Profile of Transport Sector

4. 4

5. 5

6. 6 Instrument Mix (Key PaMs): Regulatory (21%), Fiscal (20%), Economic (15%), Info&Edu (12%), VA (10%), R&D (4%) Status (Key PaMs): Implemented (65%), Adopted (12%), Planned (20%) Only a few PaMs show substantial mitigation effect (EU: car manufacturer CO2 agreement) Implementation Aspects

7. 7 Drivers, Policy Options and Action Patterns Drivers: Mainly activity increase (CAN: 70%) Policy Options: Energy Efficiency, Carbon Intensity, Transport Demand Management, Modal Shift, Traffic Flow, Spatial Planning Action Patterns among Annex I Parties: Rather technical than non-technical measures, support for public ground transport Projections (with measures): Further increase

8. 8 Success Story Finland GHG mitigation is an integral part of Finland’s transport policy since 1990 Finland’s 1994 T&E Action Plan aimed at stabilizing the sectoral emissions at 1990 levels This was indeed achieved in 2000, by implementing a well-tuned mix of renowned transport policies including strong taxation of vehicles and fuels as its core, complemented by promotion and development of public transport, walking and cycling.

9. 9 Conclusions and Outlook (1) Transport is a major and steadily growing sector Parties try to react with technical measures, although main driver is activity increase Only little mitigation effects were reported Shift from regulatory towards economic/fiscal instruments can be observed

10. 10 Conclusions and Outlook (2) Fastest growing sector needs more attention Parties show little success in sectoral mitigation, shift towards economic instruments did not bring major improvements, so far The case of Finland shows that an integrated transport and environment policy can be the basis for a success story in this most difficult sector