2. Abdominal & Genitourinary Injury EMT 100

3. Abdominal Injury –Closed or Open  Mechanism of Injury  Discoloration/Bruising  Swelling, Rigidity  Pain over area  Signs of shock –What are they?  Exposed organs

4. Abdominal Injury Treatment  Maintain ABCs  Treat for shock  Control external bleeding  Stabilize any impaled objects  Cover exposed organs with clean, moist dressing –Do not touch with hands or try to replace!  Reassure  Activate EMS

5. Acute Abdomen Sudden onset of belly pain with no obvious injury or cause

6. Examples of Acute Abdomen  Appendicitis  Cholecystitis  Bleeding ulcer  Pancreatitis  Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)  Kidney stone

7. Treatment – Acute Abdomen  Position of comfort – lying still with knees flexed  Treat for shock  Reassure  Seek medical care

8. Genitourinary Injury  Assaults or straddle  Pain, swelling, discoloration, bleeding  Ice packs and control bleeding –No internal bleeding control for females! (tampons)  Reassure  Seek medical care

9. Sexual Assault  Give emotional support as well as being advocate  Treat soft tissue injuries with ice packs and external dressings to control bleeding  Maintain evidence –No hygiene –No change of clothes –No urination  Seek medical care ASAP

10. Musculo-skeletal Injury Fractures, Sprains, Strains, Dislocations

11. Fractures Closed Open  Pain  Swelling and discoloration  Deformity  Shock  Exposed bone  Crepitus

12. Fractures - Treatment  Maintain ABC’s  Ice pack  Immobilize from joint above to joint below, ie splint  Elevate (if possible)  Control bleeding with loose dressing  Treat for shock  Do not touch exposed bone or attempt to push back under skin  Reassure  Get medical care

13. Sprains  Over-stretching or tearing a ligament  Pain  Swelling  Discoloration  Ice  Immobilize  Elevate  Reassure  Get medical care

14. Strains  Over-stretching or tearing a muscle  Pain  Minimal (if any) swelling or discoloration  Ice  Immobilize  Reassure  Seek medical evaluation

15. Dislocation  Bones that form a joint are knocked out of alignment  Pain  Deformity  Discoloration  Swelling  Ice  Immobilize  Reassure  Immediate medical care

16. Splinting Guidelines  Check circulation and nerve function before and after  Expose area  Splint in the position you find the injury  Don’t let splint push exposed bone back under skin  Pad splints  When in doubt, splint!

17. Let’s Rock and Roll!