1. The Open Memo Outline Common Errors Citation Exercises

2. Outline Common Errors Douglas v. Mondays AND Pepper v. Mondays

3. The Leader Board- Section E w Haffner, Hudson & Williams, LLC.25 w Carter, Holifield & White30 w Jorge Posada Firm, LLP18 w A & M28 w Wishful Thinkers23 w Bluebooks29 w Brown, Garvich & Emfinger16 w * Carter, Cherry, Parker7

4. The Leader Board- Section F w Bukley & McCarson19 w Avant, Parker, deGruy, Evans29 w Abbey & Joshua26 w Espy26 w Conley, Doehner, Parker & Shah23 w Cherry, Green, Porter, & Tidwell7 w Webster & Stewart14 w * Green & Parker23

5. The Last Day of the Bluebook

6. Quotations; Rule 5.1 w Heavy reliance on quotations is often a sign of inadequate analysis. You may be able to put the idea in your own words more effectively and efficiently. w You should not quote a court’s description of the facts.

7. Longer Quotations w Quotations of fifty or more words should be indented left and right without quotation marks. w Important statutes or restatement sections should also be “block quoted.”

8. Quotations w The citation for the block quote should not be indented but should begin at the left margin of the line immediately following the quotation (see page 44 of the bluebook). w Quotations of forty-nine or fewer words should be enclosed in quotation marks but not set off from the text. Use single marks for a quotation within a quotation.

9. Punctuation in Quotations w Always place commas and periods inside the quotation marks. w Place other punctuation marks inside the quotation marks only if they are part of the matter quoted. Semicolons and colons otherwise go outside quotation marks.

10. Alterations in the Text; Rule 5.2

11. w When a letter must be changed from upper to lower case, or vice versa, enclose it in [brackets]. Substituted words or letters should also be bracketed. w “[P]ublic confidence in the [adversary] system depends upon disclosure.”

12. Alterations in the Text; Rule 5.2 wSwSignificant mistakes in the original should be followed by “[sic]” and otherwise left as they appear in the original. w“w“This list of statutes are [sic] necessarily incomplete.”

13. w Indicate in a parenthetical clause after the citation any change of emphasis or omission of citations. w “The section applies to non consumers as well.” Fuller v. Jones, 99 So. 2d 74, 88 (Ala. 1988) (emphasis added).

14. Omissions in Text; Rule 5.3

15. w When using quoted language as a phrase or clause, don’t indicate the omission. w Extreme and outrageous conduct is “utterly intolerable in a civilized society.” (Citation omitted).

16. Omissions in Text; Rule 5.3 w When quoting language as a full sentence, omission of words is indicated by the insertion of an ellipsis, three periods separated by spaces and set off by a space before and after. w “Liability in such a case as this one depends upon... getting caught.” Seymour v. Butts, 106 So. 2d 175, 178 (Ala. 1980).

17. Omissions in Text; Rule 5.3 w When quoting language as a full sentence, ellipses should never be used to begin a quotation. Capitalize and bracket the first letter if it is not already capitalized. w “[T]here is no duty to protect another person from the violent propensities of a third person.” (Citation omitted).

18. Omissions in Text; Rule 5.3 w When quoting language as a full sentence, omission of the language at the end of a quoted sentence should be indicated by an ellipsis between the last word quoted and the final punctuation of the sentence quoted. w “Never count your chickens....”

19. Citation Exercises