1. ANEMIA

2. Schema of bloodforming

3. Definition of аnemia Anemia – it is decrease of erythrocytes amount and hemoglobin in unite of blood volume, which is accompanied also qualitative changes of erythrocytes Anemia – it is decrease of erythrocytes amount and hemoglobin in unite of blood volume, which is accompanied also qualitative changes of erythrocytes

4. Pathogenetic classification of anemias 1. Posthemorrhagic anemia 1. Posthemorrhagic anemia 2. Hemolytic anemia 2. Hemolytic anemia 3. Аnemia as a result of erythropoiesis disorder 3. Аnemia as a result of erythropoiesis disorder

5. Acute posthemorrhagic аnemia Causes: 1. Wounding of vessels 1. Wounding of vessels 2. Gastrointestinal bleeding 2. Gastrointestinal bleeding 3. Dysmenorrhea 3. Dysmenorrhea 4. Rupture of tube uterine (Fallopii) 4. Rupture of tube uterine (Fallopii) 5. Tuberculousis of lung 5. Tuberculousis of lung

6. Chronical posthemorrhagic аnemia Causes Causes 1. Stomach ulcer 1. Stomach ulcer 2. Cancer of stomach 2. Cancer of stomach 3. Hemorrhoid 3. Hemorrhoid 4. Uterine bleeding 4. Uterine bleeding 5. Renal bleeding 5. Renal bleeding 6. Nasal bleeding 6. Nasal bleeding According to colour index - hypochromic

7. Acquired hemolytic аnemia 1. Toxic 2. Immune 3. Мechanical 4. Acquired membranopathy

8. Тoxic hemolytic аnemia Poisoning with hemolytic poisons: Poisoning with hemolytic poisons: Arsenous hydrogen Arsenous hydrogen Acetoacid lead Acetoacid lead Phosphorus Phosphorus Nitribenzol Nitribenzol Phenylhydrasin Phenylhydrasin Cholic acids Cholic acids Mushroom poison Mushroom poison Snake poison Snake poison

9. Immune hemolytic аnemia 1. Autoimmune anemia 1. Autoimmune anemia 2. Posttrasfusional anemia 2. Posttrasfusional anemia а) transfusion of АВ0-incompatible blood а) transfusion of АВ0-incompatible blood б) transfusion Rh-incompatible blood б) transfusion Rh-incompatible blood 3. Hemolytic anemia of newborn 3. Hemolytic anemia of newborn

10. Acquired hemolytic аnemia. Reticulocytosis

11. Hereditary hemolytic аnemia 1. Enzymopathy 1. Enzymopathy 2. Hemoglobinopathy 2. Hemoglobinopathy 3. Membranopathy 3. Membranopathy

12. Enzymopathies 1. Deficiency of glucose-6- 1. Deficiency of glucose-6- phosphatedehydrogenase phosphatedehydrogenase 2. Deficiency pyruvatekinase 2. Deficiency pyruvatekinase

13. Drugs, causing hemolysis erythrocytes in G-6-PHDG insuficiency Sulfanilamides Sulfanilamides Antimalaric medicines Antimalaric medicines Aminosalicylic acid Aminosalicylic acid Phenacetin Phenacetin Vitamines С and К Vitamines С and К Аspirin in large doses Аspirin in large doses

14. Hemolytic anemia due to pyruvatekinase insuficiency. Reticulocytosis

15. Hemoglobinopathies Sickle cell anemia Thalassemia: α-thalassemia α-thalassemia ß-thalassemia ß-thalassemia

16. Sickle cell anemia - blood

17. Sickle cell anemia – blood: of the left– sickle-like erythrocytes, of the right– test to hypoxia

18. Small (heterozygous) thalassemia – blood

20. Greater (homozygous) thalassemia Cooley ’s – blood

21. Greater (homozygous) anemia Cooley ’s - blood

22. Membranopathy. Hereditary microspherocytosis - blood

23. Membranopathy Hereditary elliptocytosis – blood

24. Membranopathy – blood

26. Membranopathy Hereditary acanthosis– blood

27. Membranopathy Hereditary echynocytosis - blood

28. Anemias as a result deficiency of erythropoiesis Iron-deficiency anemia Iron-deficiency anemia В 12 -deficiency anemia В 12 -deficiency anemia Metaplastic anemia Metaplastic anemia Hypoplastic anemia Hypoplastic anemia Sideroblastic anemia Sideroblastic anemia

29. Iron-deficiency anemia - bloodd

30. Iron-deficiency anemia – blood

31. В 12 -deficiency anemia – blood

32. В 12 -deficiency anemia – bone marrow

33. Pernicious anemia – b. marrow Basophilic megaloblastes

34. В 12 -deficiency anemia – b. marrow Stages of megaloblast development

35. Pernicious anemia – b. marrow Stages of megaloblast development

36. Megaloblastes. Megalocytes. Jolly ’s bodies. Cabot ’s rings