1. Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 85 Topic: 14.2 Components of Blood
Essential Questions:
How does a red blood cell change as it matures
How do WBCs reach microorganisms that are outside blood vessels?
14.2 Components of Blood
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

2. Red Blood Cell Production (1m31s)

3. Blood Cells PowerPoint
Directions: Please create a 1-3 slide Powerpoint Presentation on the type of cell you are assigned. Mrs. McCobb will then grade/edit (as needed) the compilation PPT to present to the class on Thursday for notes.
Save/Export as a PowerPoint Presentation
FileExportPPTNextSave as: (Title of PPT)Where: DesktopExport
Submit to Edmodo. Please include all group members’ names in the comment section.

4. Characteristics of Red Blood Cells
Red Blood Cells aka erythorocytes (e-ryth-ro-cytes)
biconcave discs (thinner in center).
This shape:
allows them to transport gases
places the cell membrane closer to the O2 carrying hemoglobin
allows them to squeeze through capillaries
lack nuclei and mitochondria

5. Hemoglobin:
Oxygen carrying molecule
Responsible for the color of blood
When O2 combines with hemoglobin, the resulting oxyhemoglobin is bright red
Deoxyhemoglobin is darker
Blood rich in this may appear bluish when viewed through blood vessel walls

6. RBCs and Oxygen (1m8s)

7. Cyanosis:
A person experiencing prolonged oxygen deficiency (hypoxia) may become cyanotic
The skin and mucous membranes appear bluish due to an abnormally high amount of deoxyhemoglobin
Exposure to low temps may also result in cyanosis

8. Red Blood Cell Counts (RBCC)
number of RBCs in a cubic millimeter (mm3)of blood
4,600,000 – 6,200,000 in males
4,200,000 – 5,400,000 in adult females
4,500,000 – 5,100,000 in children
reflects blood’s oxygen carrying capacity

9. Red Blood Cell Production
Life span: approx 120 days
Will travel through the body about 75,000 times
low blood oxygen causes kidneys and liver to release erythropoietin which stimulates RBC production

10. Green box:
Erythrocytosis: a condition where an individual produces about 25% more red blood cells than normal
The result…
GREAT physical endurance
Can be mocked by “blood doping”
Eero Mäntyranta
3 Olympic gold metals
Two world championships in cross country skiing

11. Dietary Factors Affecting Red Blood Cell Production
The availability of vitamin B and folic acid significantly influences red blood cell production

12. Life Cycle of Red Blood Cell
circulate for about 120 days
macrophages in spleen and liver destroy worn out RBCs
hemoglobin is broken down into heme and globin
iron from heme returns to red bone marrow
bilirubin and biliverdin excreted in bile

13. Types of Anemia

14. Anemia
Normal RBCs
RBCs of person with hypochromic anemia

15. White Blood Cells White blood Cells (WBC) aka Leukocytes
Protect against disease
Blood transports WBCs to sites of infection
They can leave the bloodstream

16. Neutrophils first to arrive at infections phagocytic
54% - 62% of leukocytes
elevated in bacterial infections

17. Neurtophils (2m14s)

18. Eosinophils moderate allergic reactions
defend against parasitic worm infestations
1% - 3% of leukocytes
elevated in parasitic worm infestations and allergic reactions

19. Basophils Migrate to damaged tissue
release histamine which promotes inflammation
release heparin which inhibits blood clotting (increasing blood flow to injured tissue)
less than 1% of leukocytes

20. Monocytes largest blood cell leave bloodstream to become macrophages
3% - 9% of leukocytes
phagocytize bacteria, dead cells, and other debris

21. Lymphocytes Two types: T cells directly attack microorganisms
B cells produce antibodies which will attack foreign molecules
25% - 33% of leukocytes

22. Types of WBCs and Their Functions (4m38s)

23. Functions of WBC: to protect against infection in various ways
Diapadesis
Diapadesis: leukocytes squeeze between the cells of a capillary wall and enter the tissue space outside the blood vessel (leave circulation)

24. Positive Chemotaxis
movement of leukocytes toward the damaged tissue region because of the chemicals that were released by damaged cells

25. Diapedesis and Chemotaxis

26. White Blood Cell Counts
Normal: 5,000 – 10,000 per cubic millimeter of blood
Differential WBC count may indicate infections:
lists percentages of types of leukocytes
may change in particular diseases
leukopenia
low WBC count (below 5,000)
typhoid fever, flu, measles, mumps, chicken pox, AIDS, may come from anemia, lead, arsenic, or mercury poisoning.
leukocytosis
high WBC count (above 10,000)
acute infections, appendicitis
May follow vigorous exercise, emotional disturbances, great loss of body fluids

27. White Blood Cell Counts

28. Blood Platelets aka thrombocytes
They are not complete cells (cell fragments of megakaryocytes)
130,000 – 360,000 per cubic millimeter of blood
helps control blood loss from broken vessels

29. Blood Plasma straw colored liquid portion of blood
makes up 55% of blood
plasma is 92% water

30. The Blood Typing Game
Or Google: Nobel Prize Blood Typing Game