1. Figurative Language
“Figuring it Out”

2. What is figurative language?
Whenever you describe something by comparing it with something else, you are using figurative language.

3. Recognizing Literal Language
“I’ve eaten so much I feel as if I could literally burst!”
In this case, the person is not using the word literally in its true meaning. Literal means "exact" or "not exaggerated." By pretending that the statement is not exaggerated, the person stresses how much he has eaten.
Literal language is language that means exactly what is said.
Most of the time, we use
literal language.

4. Figurative and Literal Language
Literally: words function exactly as defined
The car is blue.
He caught the football.
Figuratively: figure out what it means
I’ve got your back.
You’re a doll.
^Figures of Speech

5. Imagery Sight • Hearing • Touch • Taste • Smell
Language that appeals to the senses. Descriptions of people or objects stated in terms of our senses.
Sight
• Hearing
• Touch
• Taste
• Smell

6. Comparison of two things using “like” or “as.”
Simile
Comparison of two things using “like” or “as.”
Examples
The metal twisted like a ribbon.
She is as sweet as candy.

7. Simile
A figure of speech which involves a direct comparison between two unlike things, usually with the words like or as.
Example: The muscles on his brawny arms are strong as iron bands.

8. A comparison must be made.
Important!
Using “like” or “as” doesn’t make a simile.
A comparison must be made.
Not a Simile: I like pizza.
Simile: The moon is like a pizza.

9. Metaphor Two things are compared without using “like” or “as.”
Examples
All the world is a stage.
Men are dogs.
Her heart is stone.

10. Metaphor
A figure of speech which involves an implied comparison between two relatively unlike things using a form of be. The comparison is not announced by like or as.
Example: The road was a ribbon wrapped through the dessert.

11. Personification Giving human traits to objects or ideas. Examples
The sunlight danced.
Water on the lake shivers.
The streets are calling me.

12. Personification
A figure of speech which gives the qualities of a person to an animal, an object, or an idea.
Example: “The wind yells while blowing."
The wind cannot yell. Only a living thing can yell.

13. Alliteration
Repeated consonant sounds occurring at the beginning of words or within words.
Example: She was wide-eyed and wondering while she waited for Walter to waken.

14. Exaggerating to show strong feeling or effect.
Hyperbole
Exaggerating to show strong feeling or effect.
Examples
I will love you forever.
My house is a million miles away.
She’d kill me.

15. Hyperbole
An exaggerated statement used to heighten effect. It is not used to mislead the reader, but to emphasize a point.
Example: She’s said so on several million occasions.

16. Understatement Expression with less strength than expected.
The opposite of hyperbole.
I’ll be there in one second.
This won’t hurt a bit.

17. Onomatopoeia
A word that “makes” a sound
SPLAT
PING
SLAM
POP
POW

18. Onomatopoeia The use of words that mimic sounds.
Example: The firecracker made a loud ka-boom!

19. Idiom A saying that isn’t meant to be taken literally.
Doesn’t “mean” what it says
Don’t be a stick in the mud!
You’re the apple of my eye.
I have an ace up my sleeve.

20. Idioms
An idiom or idiomatic expression refers to a construction or expression in one language that cannot be matched or directly translated word-for-word in another language.
Example: "She has a bee in her bonnet," meaning "she is obsessed," cannot be literally translated into another language word for word.

21. Pun A form of “word play” in which words have a double meaning.
I wondered why the baseball was getting bigger and then it hit me.
I’m reading a book about anti-gravity. It’s impossible to put it down.
I was going to look for my missing watch, but I didn’t have the time.

22. Proverb A figurative saying in which a bit of “wisdom” is given.
An apple a day keeps the doctor away
The early bird catches the worm

23. Oxymoron
When two words are put together that contradict each other. “Opposites”
Jumbo Shrimp
Pretty Ugly
Freezer Burn

24. Quiz On a separate sheet of paper…
I will put an example of figurative language on the board.
You will write whether it is an simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, pun, proverb, idiom, onomatopoeia, oxymoron or understatement.
You can use your notes.

25. He drew a line as straight as an arrow.1
He drew a line as straight as an arrow.

26. 2
Knowledge is a kingdom and all who learn are kings and queens.

27. 3
Can I see you for a second?

28. The sun was beating down on me.4
The sun was beating down on me.

29. 5
A flag wags like a fishhook there in the sky.

30. 6
I'd rather take baths with a man-eating shark, or wrestle a lion alone in the dark, eat spinach and liver, pet ten porcupines, than tackle the homework, my teacher assigns.

31. 7
Ravenous and savage from its long polar journey, the North Wind is searching for food—

32. 8
Dinner is on the house.

33. Can I have one of your chips?9
Can I have one of your chips?

34. 10
Don’t bit the hand that feeds you.

35. 11.
The clouds smiled down at me.

36. 12.
SPLAT!

37. 13.
She is as sweet as candy

38. 14.
I could sleep forever!

39. 15.
He drove his expensive car into a tree and found out how the Mercedes bends

40. 16.
I used to have a fear of hurdles, but I got over it

41. 17.
The wheat field was a sea of gold.

42. 18.
The streets called to him.

43. 19.
POP!

44. 20.
She was dressed to the nines.

45. 21.
The early bird catches the worm.

46. 22.
Old news

47. 23.
Your face is killing me!

48. 24.
She was as white as a ghost.

49. 25.
She has a skeleton in her closet.