1. Romeo and Juliet Vocabulary

2. Tragedy
A drama that ends in catastrophe—most often death— for the main characters.

3. Tragic Hero
The protagonist, or central character— the one with whom audiences identify
Usually falls or dies because of a character flaw or a cruel twist of fate
Often has a high rank or status; shows strength while facing his or her destiny

4. Foil
Is a character whose personality and attitude contrast sharply with those of another character
Highlights both characters’ traits—for example, a timid character can make a talkative one seem even chattier

5. Soliloquy Is a speech given by a character alone on stage
Lets the audience know what the character is thinking or feeling

6. Aside
Is a character’s remark, either to the audience or to another character, that others on stage do not hear
Reveals the character’s private thoughts

7. Dramatic Irony
Is when the audience knows more than the characters—for example, the audience is aware of Romeo and Juliet’s tragic demise long before characters face it
Helps build suspense

8. Comic Relief
Is a humorous scene or speech intended to lighten the mood
Serves to heighten the seriousness of the main action by contrast

9. Allusion
An indirect reference to a famous person, place, event, or literary work.

10. Stage Directions Instructions that are usually printed in italic type
Serve as a guide to directors, set and lighting designers, performers, and readers

11. Pun
A joke that comes from a play on words

12. Insult A disrespectful or scornfully abusive remark or action.
Shakespearean examples: biting one’s thumb at another is like flipping someone off

13. Oxymoron
A special kind of concise paradox that brings together two contradictory terms (i.e. “loving hate”).

14. Sonnet A lyric poem of 14 lines, commonly written in iambic pentameter
The Shakespearean, or Elizabethan, sonnet consists of three quatrains, or four-line units, and a final couplet.