1. From Indentured Servitude to Slavery The move from temporary service to a lifetime commitment

2. Why weren’t European indentured servants turned into slaves?  Already increased periods of servitude for those who broke the rules  Would have discouraged English and other Europeans from coming to America (fear that they would become slaves)

3. Why weren’t European indentured servants turned into slaves? (cont.)  Would require legal action (even if local governments approved it the English government probably would have denied it) to turn servants into slaves

4. Why weren’t European indentured servants turned into slaves? (cont.)  High mortality rate vs. cost (death rate was very high in early years; the cost of a slave was about 2x that of a servant)

5. How/why was slavery established?  In the early years, could easily ship in slaves that had been already trained elsewhere in places like Barbados  Royal African Company had monopoly on slave market but lacked experience in enslaving Africans  Private traders smuggled slaves into Virginia and Maryland

6. How/why was slavery established?  Fewer people were coming over as indentured servants  Higher life expectancy (lower mortality) made slaves a better value