1. Industrial Revolution

2. What you need to know Eli Whitney – 2 major inventions How Industrial Revolution changed life NE shift to manufacturing How cotton gin changed south American Plan Canals & roads 2 nd Bank of the US Era of Good Feeling

3. The Industrial Revolution Period of change in history when: –Machines replaced hand tools for manufacturing –Factories grew in size & efficiency –Society began move from rural to urban

4. Interchangeable Parts Invented by Eli Whitney Allow for consistency –Goods manufactured exactly alike Factories could manufacture more –Quicker & easier to build

5. Interchangeable Parts Replace part, not entire product People accumulate wealth –Don’t have to throw things away; can fix them easily

6. The Factory System Power-driven machines –Early – water & steam power –Later – electricity Division of labor –People do simple tasks quickly –Assembly line

7. The Factory System Started in British textile industry in Manchester Factories grow, people move from farms to cities to find jobs

8. America industrializes Embargo of 1807 / War of 1812 –Both stopped international trade –US couldn’t buy foreign goods –Changed from exporting raw materials to manufacturing

9. Northeastern Economy Mostly shipping & importing Badly hit by embargo & war 1 st factories in US were in NE –British-style textile mills

10. Northeastern Economy Agriculture was not as important to NE economy Couldn’t grow cash crops –Mostly subsistence farmers No demand for slaves –By 1804 most NE states abolished

11. Northeastern Economy Many moved to NE cities for work Invested big $ in factories –Investing $ in agriculture was a waste of time

12. Northwestern Economy Land better for farming Grew a couple of cash crops or livestock plus food for family –Corn, wheat, cattle

13. Northwestern Economy Sold crops in city markets to non-farmers No need for slaves –Didn’t require much labor –No huge profits

14. Southern Economy Farmers in 1700s grew mostly long-staple cotton –Expensive & difficult to grow Only grows along warm coastline –Easy to “clean” – remove seed –Expensive selling price – luxury item

15. Long-staple cotton

16. Southern Economy Few grew short-staple cotton –Cheap & easy to grow Grows anywhere it’s warm –Hard to clean – fibers are tighter Too expensive to process by hand –Not as fancy – cheaper price

17. Short-staple cotton

18. The Cotton Gin Eli Whitney invented – 1793 –Easier to cultivate short-staple –Feasible to grow all over south –Cheaper product – must grow lots to make money

19. Southern Economy Poor farmers could buy cheap land in new western states Set up new plantations for cheap short-staple cotton More and more slaves needed

20. Southern Economy King Cotton –S becomes dependent on cotton –Rely on exporting to NE & Britain –No need to industrialize

21. American System 3-pt plan for US to grow & unify –Transportation improvements Roads, canals, harbors –Protective tariff Help US businesses compete –Bring back Bank of the US Stabilize & nationalize economy

22. Henry Clay Speaker of the House from KY Wanted help for new states to develop

23. American System Better transportation helps goods get from S/W to NE Makes everyone better off Economic freedom from Europe

24. Transportation improvements Roads –Built by states all over –Paid for mostly by tolls –National Road – from MD to IL

25. Transportation improvements Canals –Erie Canal connected Great Lakes to Atlantic Ocean –Took 8 years to build –Made New York City most important port in US

26. Tariff of 1816 After War ended Britain flooded US market with cheap goods –US companies couldn’t compete Raised British prices – equalized to US prices

27. Tariff of 1816 Money made from tariff paid for internal improvements S & W weren’t happy –Weren’t manufacturing anyway –Raised prices for US exports (cotton)

28. 2nd Bank of the US Supported by people nationwide Common currency – business easier across regions

29. “Era of Good Feeling” James Monroe elected President in 1816 Most Americans happy with gov

30. What you need to know Eli Whitney – 2 major inventions How Industrial Revolution changed life NE shift to manufacturing How cotton gin changed south American Plan Canals & roads 2 nd Bank of the US Era of Good Feeling