1. 7.1 The Industrial Revolution

2. Era of Good Feelings
After the War of 1812, Americans were proud of themselves and their nation
James Monroe (D-R) runs unopposed as 5th president. The Federalist party dies out.
Latin American countries overthrow Spanish rule. Monroe establishes diplomatic relations with them
Monroe issues the Monroe Doctrine

3. New Approaches To Manufacturing
Eli Whitney 1801
Embargo Act of 1807
War of 1812 Blockade

4. New Approaches To Manufacturing
Eli Whitney
Change from making products in homes and artisans’ shops to FACTORIES
Factory system: using power-driven machinery and laborers assigned to different tasks (assembly line)
Factory system allows for mass production.
mass production – production of goods in large quantities
These changes bring about an Industrial Revolution
IR– social and economic reorganization that took place as machines replaced hand tools and large-scale factory production develope

5. New Approaches To Manufacturing
Great Britain Starts the Revolution
18TH century – inventors came up with ways to generate power
swiftly moving streams
coal
next, inventors came up w/ power-driven machinery
also, ways to use the machinery to mass-produce goods
example, textiles
first factories were built
their success allowed expansion of factory system, money to research and build more labor-saving devices, and industrialization of the nation

6. New Approaches To Manufacturing
Embargo of 1807 & War of 1812
After Am. Rev., primary source of income was international trade, not manufacturing.
Farms and plantations produced agricultural products that were shipped to GB, southern Europe,and the West Indies
Examples: grain and tobacco
Two events changed this economic plan:
Embargo Act of 1807
War of 1812
We begin to think about development of domestic industries, as foreign trade is at a standstill
Many shipping centers had actually closed down by the time the Embargo Act was repealed.
As seaports recovered, the war of 1812 broke out
• British navy blockaded the coastline
• Americans had to invest

7. Reasons for Industrial Development in the US
Eli Whitney 1801
Embargo Act of 1807
We must start manufacturing
of our own goods
invented interchangeable parts which led to mass market of goods
War of 1812 Blockade
Develop industry
at home

8. New Approaches To Manufacturing
Factors within the US to Promote Industrial Revolution
Plentiful Resources
Inventors - entrepreneurs
Sam Slater
Francis Cabot Lowell
Cheap labor

9. New Approaches To Manufacturing
Factors within the US to Promote Industrial Revolution
New England Has the Most Industry
Farming not profitable,
cheap labor,
rapid river currents to use for power

10. Check Your Knowledge 1. What was the Industrial Revolution?
2. What two events prompted America to begin developing domestic industries? Explain.
A social and economic reorganization that took place as machines replaced hand tools and large-scale factory production developed.
Embargo Act of 1807—brought a standstill to the nation’s once-thriving foreign trade
War of 1812—British blockades shut down nation’s overseas shipping network

11. Two Agricultural Systems
North
South
Farming Methods
in NW Territory
Farming Methods
in NW Territory
Farming Methods
in NW Territory
Eli Whitney: Cotton Gin
Grain, crops
2 crops per year
livestock
farmers grow short staple cotton
Farming Methods
New England
Effect on the South
Small
move into shipping and
industry
1. cotton is king
2. expand into Ohio

12. Two Agricultural Systems
North
South
Farming Methods
in NW Territory
Slavery Becomes Entrenched
Neither Depended on:
little other viable agriculture that made $ and which did not require slave labor - slavery is profitable
slavery
By 1804
By 1820
most states in N
(N of Deleware)
abolish slavery
dependence on slavery
grows

13. The American System
Farming Methods
in NW Territory

14. The American System Created Because 1. to unify the nation
2. unite the economic interests
3. improve transportation network to facilitate the exchange of goods
4. help America become economically independent
Farming Methods
in NW Territory
This will
solve our
problems!

15. The American System Protective Tariff
We need
these items!
Protective Tariff
Our industries were new and couldn’t
compete with Grt. Britain
1. Britain had stockpiled goods they sold for a cheap price
2. We needed money for roads, canals, lighthouses
Farming Methods
in NW Territory

16. The American System Reactions Farming Methods in NW Territory
Forget
sectionalism
this is for
the nation!
Northern Reaction
Northern Reaction
Farming Methods
in NW Territory
We welcome
tariffs!
Southern Reaction
We DO NOT want tariffs!
They only make things
more expensive for us!

17. The American System Reserrect the Bank Resurrect the Bank Because:
You just know
which party let the first bank die off!
Resurrect the Bank Because:
This would create a national currency
making it easier to do business within
the nation.
Farming Methods
in NW Territory

18. Test Your Knowledge Farming Methods in NW Territory
What were the main components of the American System?
Farming Methods
in NW Territory
Sponsoring the development of internal improvements, including transportation systems; establishing a protective tariff; resurrecting the national bank
How did the Tariff of 1816 highlight the nation’s growing sectionalism?
Many Northeastern manufacturers welcomed the tariff because it allowed them to sell more goods; people in the South and West opposed it because it meant a higher cost for European goods

19. Effects of the National Road
Effects of Erie Canal
Farming Methods
in NW Territory
Made NYC the dominant port of the nation.
Cut transportation costs from NYC to the Grt Lakes from $100 to $5.
Cut travel time from 20 days to 8 days.
People could travel,
communicate, and transport goods much easier

20. Effects of the National Road
Farming Methods
in NW Territory