1. How Can I Use Equivalent Ratios? Triangle Similarity and Congruence
4.6
How Can I Use Equivalent Ratios?
Pg. 23
Triangle Similarity and Congruence

2. 4.6 – How Can I Use Equivalent Ratios?__
Triangle Similarity and Congruence
By looking at side ratios and at angles, you are now able to determine whether two figures are similar. But how can you tell if two shapes are the same shape and the same size? In this lesson you will examine properties that guarantee that shapes are exact replicas of one another.

3. 4.41 – MORE THAN SIMILAR
Examine the triangles.
a. Are these triangles similar? How do you know? Use a flowchart to organize your explanation.

4. 3 4 = 1 = 5 1 = 1
given
given
given
SSS~

5. Similar with side ratio of 1.
b. Cameron says, "These triangles aren't just similar – they're congruent!" Is Cameron correct? What special value in your flowchart indicates that the triangles are congruent?
Similar with side ratio of 1.

6. c. Write a conjecture (in "If. ,then
c. Write a conjecture (in "If...,then..." form) that explains how you know when two shapes are similar.
"If two shapes are ____________ with a
side ratio of ________, then the two shapes
are _____________."
similar 1
congruent

7. d. Cameron wanted to write a statement to convey that these two triangles are congruent. He started with "∆CAB...", but then got stuck because he did not know the symbol for congruence. Now that you know the symbol for congruence, complete Cameron's statement for him.

8. BC DE BC = DE
= 1
given
given

9. Statements Reasons 1. BC = DE 1. given 2. AB = FD 2. given 3. AC = FE
4.42 – ANOTHER WAY OF PROOF
Stephanie is tired of drawing flowcharts because the bubbles can be messy. She decides to organize her proof in columns instead.
Compare your proof in the previous problems with the one below. How do they alike? How are they different?
Statements
Reasons
1. BC = DE
1. given
2. AB = FD
2. given
3. AC = FE
3. given
4. ∆ABC ≅ ∆FDE
4. SSS≅

10. yes SAS~ 4.43 – A QUICKER WAY Examine the triangles at right.
a. Are these triangles similar? Explain your reasoning.
yes
SAS~

11. Similar with a side ratio of 1
b. Are the triangles congruent? Explain your reasoning.
yes
Similar with a side ratio of 1

12. c. Derek wants to find general shortcuts that can help determine if triangles are congruent. To help, he draws the diagram at right to show the relationship between the triangles in part (a). If two triangles have the relationship shown in the diagram, do they have to be congruent? How do you know?
yes
SAS~ with ratio of 1

13. d. Complete the conjecture below based on this relationship
d. Complete the conjecture below based on this relationship. What is a good abbreviation for this shortcut?
"If two triangles have two pairs of equal
____________ and the angles between them
are __________, then the triangles are
______________.
sides
equal
congruent

14. 4.44 – ARE THEY CONGRUENT OR JUST SIMILAR?
Determine if the triangles are similar, congruent, or neither. Justify your answers.

15. AA~
scale factor of 1

16. AA~

18. SAS~
with side ratio of 2/3

19. SSS~ or AA~

20. SSS~ or AA~
with side ratio of 1

21. 4.45 – ARE THERE OTHERS?
Derek wonders, "What other types of information can determine that two triangles are congruent?"
Your Task: Examine the pairs of triangles below to decide what other types of information force triangles to be congruent. Notice that since no measurements are given in the diagrams, you are considering the general cases of each type of pairing. For each pair of triangles below that you can prove are congruent, come up with a shortcut name to use for now on.

22. SSS

23. Pythagorean theorem to find missing sideHL

24. AA~
Not

25. AAS or
SAA

26. There is no SSA or ASS in geometry!

27. ASA

28. Ways to Prove Triangles are Congruent
SSS
SAS HL
ASA
AAS

29. SAS 4.46 – STATE THE CONJECTURE
Use your triangle congruence conjectures to state why the following triangles are congruent.
SAS

30. SSS

31. HL

32. AAS

33. SAS

34. ASA

35. SAS

36. SSS

37. No

38. ASA

39. AAS

40. SSS

41. Not congruent

42. ASS
Not congruent

43. AAS

44. 47