1. Ionic Liquids as Novel Solvents for Extraction Inna E Popóva

2. Number of Publications Determined using SciFinder

3. What are Ionic Liquids? Common Cations Common anions

4. What are their properties? Dissolve most organic and inorganic compounds Dissolve most organic and inorganic compounds High thermal stability High thermal stability No measurable vapor pressure No measurable vapor pressure Non-flammable Non-flammable Liquid up to 300ºC Liquid up to 300ºC Welton, T. Chem Rev. 1999, 99, 2071-2083.

5. What are their applications? As solvent for syntheses As solvent for syntheses As catalysts As catalysts As electrolytes As electrolytes In extraction and separation technologies In extraction and separation technologies Welton, T. Chem Rev. 1999, 99, 2071-2083.

6. Extraction Using Crown Ethers organic phase ligand D(Sr 2+ ) D(Cs + ) n-octanol [C 4 mim][PF 6 ] n-octanol [C 4 mim][PF 6 ] Visser, A.; Swatloski, R.; Reichert, W.; Griffin, S.; Rogers, R. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2000, 39, 3596-3604. 0.03 1·10 -3 ~ 1 0.1 3.31 15.8 5·10 -2 0.1 24 105 10 92 Kumar, A.; Mohapatra, P.; Pathak, P.; Manchanda, V. Talanta 1997, 45, 387-395.

7. Organic phase Aqueous phase An ion pair mechanism A cation-exchange mechanism Aqueous phase IL phase

8. Extraction Using Mono-aza Crown Ethers Luo, H.; Dai, Sh.; Bonnese, P. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 2773-2779.Ligand D(Sr 2+ ) D(Cs 2+ ) 10700935 84301070

9. Extraction Using Calixarenes http://www.people.virginia.edu/~cdt9f/homepg.htmhttp://www.people.virginia.edu/~cdt9f/homepg.htm accessed in October 2004

10. Extraction Using Calixarenes Shimojo, K.; Goto, M. Chem. Lett. 2004, 33, 320-321.

11. Extraction Using Crown-Calixarene Compounds D(Cs 2+ ) D(K + ) D(Na + ) D(Sr 2+ ) Cs + + K + + Na + 3717.00 ~ 0 Cs + + K + 2288.08 Cs + + K + + Sr 2+ 5768.39 ~ 0 Luo, H.; Dai, Sh.; Bonnesen, P.; Buchanan, A.; Holbrey, J.; Bridges, N.; Rogers, R. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 3078-3083.

12. Extraction Using Dithizone Wei, G.; Yang, Z.; Chen, C. Anal. Chim. Acta. 2003, 488, 183–192. Cd 2+ Ag + Cu 2+ Pb 2+ Zn 2+

13. Extraction Using Dithizone Wei, G.; Yang, Z.; Chen, C. Anal. Chim. Acta. 2003, 488, 183–192.  Cd 2+ Ag +  Cu 2+  Pb 2+ ● Zn 2+

14. Extraction Using Task Specific ILs Visser, A.; Swatloski, R.; Reichert, W.; Mayton, R.; Sheff, S.; Wierzbicki, A.; Davis, J.; Rogers, R. Env. Sci. Technol. 2002, 36, 2523-2529.

15. Extraction of Phenolic Compounds I phenoltyrosolp-hydroxybenzoic acid Vidal, S.; Correia, M.; Marques, M; Ismael, R; Reis, T. Sep. Sci. Technol. 2004, 39, 2155-2169. Extraction efficiency, % 1-Octanol956891 [C 8 mim][BF 4 ] 907993

16. Extraction of Phenolic Compounds II Bekou, E.; Dionysiou, D.; Qian, R.; Botsaris, G. ACS Symposium Series. 2003, 856, 544-560. ●  

17. Extraction of Amino Acids TrpGly Ala Leu

18. Extraction of Amino Acids Smirnova, S.; Torocheshnikova, I.; Formanovsky, A.; Pletnev, I. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 2004, 378, 1369-1375. Amino Acid D Recovery, % Trp7696±3 Gly5895±3 Leu4093±3 Ala3292±3

19. Conclusions ILs are good replacement for conventional solvents ILs are good replacement for conventional solvents ILs provide higher selectivity and effectivity for extraction of charged species (metal ions, zwitterions) ILs provide higher selectivity and effectivity for extraction of charged species (metal ions, zwitterions) ILs can be potentially used for organic compounds extraction ILs can be potentially used for organic compounds extraction

20. Future works Improvement of the design of a chelating agent Improvement of the design of ILs Combination of a chelating agent with ILs Calixarenes, Calixarene-Crown Compounds Synthesis of new ILs TSILs