1. Mechanical Engineering Department  Temperature Control  Cooling  Heating  Humidity Control  Humidification  Dehumidification  Air Quality Control  Ventilation  Cleaning HVAC Systems’ Primary Functions

2. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems –Energy Considerations Typical Energy Use in a Commercial Building

3. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems Efficient Use of Energy Requirements Optimum Energy Designs Well-Developed Energy Use Policies Dedicated Management backed up by Properly Trained and Motivated Operating Staff

4. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems Minimum Guidelines in Energy Conservation, Design and Operation ASHRAE Standard 100, “Energy Conservation in Existing Buildings” ASHRAE Standard 90.1-1989, “Energy Efficient Design of New Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings”

5. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems Typical Building Design Heat Losses or Gains

6. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems Some Relevant Energy/Emissions Statistics Emissions related to building energy use account for: 35% of CO 2 emissions 47 % of SO 2 emissions 22% of NO x emissions Buildings account for: 36% of all the energy 66 % of all the electricity used in the US

7. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems Annual Energy Use Per Unit Floor Area

8. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems Capital Cost Estimating Factors

9. Mechanical Engineering Department Schematic of a Typical Commercial Air-Conditioning System HVAC Systems

10. Mechanical Engineering Department Elementary Air Temperature Control System HVAC Systems

11. Mechanical Engineering Department Air Handler and Associated Controls for Simple Constant-Volume, Single-Duct All-Air System HVAC Systems

12. Mechanical Engineering Department Schematic of a Blow-Through Air Handler With Hot and Cold Decks and Zone Dampers HVAC Systems

13. Mechanical Engineering Department Simplified Control Schematic for a Constant-Volume reheat System HVAC Systems

14. Mechanical Engineering Department Simplified Control Schematic of a Single-Duct VAV System HVAC Systems

15. Mechanical Engineering Department Simplified Control Schematic of a Dual-Duct System HVAC Systems

16. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems Multi-Zone System With Hot and Cold Plenum Reset

17. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems Air-Water Induction Unit From Central A/C Unit Hot or Chilled Water Typically installed at perimeter wall under window or overhead

18. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems Typical Fan-Coil Unit Chilled Water or Brine/ Hot Water or Steam or Electric Heater Air-Conditioned Air Recycles Room Air, Cheapest Perimeter System, Ventilation Provided Separately

19. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems Typical Air-Conditioning Ventilator with Separate Coils

20. Mechanical Engineering Department HVAC Systems Schematic View of a Room Air-Conditioner