1. Presented to the Wyoming Workforce Development Council Cheyenne, Wyo. January14, 2015 by Michele Holmes and Tom Gallagher

2. OUR ORGANIZATION: R&P is a separate, exclusively statistical entity. WHAT WE DO: R&P collects, analyzes, and publishes timely and accurate labor market information (LMI) meeting established statistical standards. OUR CUSTOMERS: LMI makes the labor market more efficient by providing the public and the public’s representatives with the basis for informed decision making. 2

3.  High-demand, High-growth occupations  Labor Shortages  Supporting Documentation – neither random nor comprehensive  Evaluation 3

4. Wyoming Occupational Projections and Average Hourly Wage for Occupations with and Average Hourly Wage >= $14.00 and Projected Employment Growth >= 200 Jobs Over the Next Decade WWDC CriteriaSOC CodeSOC TitleEmployment 2012Employment 2022Net ChangePercent ChangeHourly WageTypical Education Yes47‐2031Carpenters3,9084,70679820.4$19.66H.S. Diploma or equiv. Yes49‐9041Industrial Machinery Mechanics2,4073,11570829.4$27.21Post-Secondary Cert. No29‐1141Registered Nurses4,7385,61988118.6$29.56Associate's Degree No53‐3032Heavy and Tractor‐Trailer Truck Drivers7,0817,90182011.6$22.28H.S. Diploma or equiv. No11‐1021General and Operations Managers5,3526,15380115$45.94Associate's Degree No43‐3031Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks4,7185,39667814.4$17.52H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐2061Construction Laborers3,9074,56766016.9$15.61H.S. Diploma or equiv. No43‐6014Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive4,7875,41262513.1$16.08H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐1011First‐Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers3,7434,32358015.5$31.68H.S. Diploma or equiv. No49‐9071Maintenance and Repair Workers, General3,9664,44247612$20.03H.S. Diploma or equiv. No43‐9061Office Clerks, General5,6306,0874578.1$14.61H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐2111Electricians2,7513,17142015.3$25.82Post-Secondary Cert. No25‐2021Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education2,6493,03138214.4$27.63B.A. or M.A. Degree No41‐4012Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products2,1152,49437917.9$28.18B.A. Degree No47‐2073Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators5,5435,9173746.7$23.66H.S. Diploma or equiv. No43‐6013Medical Secretaries1,1691,53436531.2$15.06H.S. Diploma or Some college No53‐7062Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand2,2692,62535615.7$15.15H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐5013Service Unit Operators, Oil, Gas, and Mining3,1303,47234210.9$24.04H.S. Diploma or equiv. No43‐4051Customer Service Representatives1,9192,26034117.8$14.14H.S. Diploma or equiv. No51‐4121Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers2,4372,73229512.1$23.59Post-Secondary Cert. or A.A. No13‐2011Accountants and Auditors1,8872,16127414.5$29.77B.A. Degree No43‐1011First‐Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers1,9282,17024212.6$22.37On-job training or A.A. No41‐1011First‐Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers3,7353,9732386.4$19.02On-job training or A.A. No53‐3033Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers1,4751,69221714.7$17.35H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐2141Painters, Construction and Maintenance1,0921,30421219.4$17.62H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐2152Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters1,0851,29420919.3$20.35H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐5071Roustabouts, Oil and Gas2,0442,25320910.2$19.42H.S. Diploma or less Source: Wyoming's Occupational Projections 2012 to 2022 and Wyoming's Occupational Employment Statistics 2013. Wyoming Department of Workforce Services, Research & Planning. T Glover, WYDWS Research and Planning. 08/01/2014 4

5. According to O*NET, "Some college" means a "Post-Secondary Certificate awarded for training completed after high school (for example, in Personnel Services, Engineering- related Technologies, Vocational and Home Economics, Construction Trades, Mechanics and Repairers, and Production Trades) and Some College Courses." Source: Occupational Information Network (O*NET), 2014 5

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8. “We could do another third of the work we’re doing but can’t because of lack of people.” ~ Steve Loftin, 71 Construction, as reported in Casper-Star Tribune 10/20/2014 8

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15.  Greatest Population Changes from 2009- 2013: ◦ Wyoming: 7.1% ◦ North Dakota: 11.8%  States with a Positive Wage Change: ◦ Wyoming: 1.1% ◦ North Dakota: 12.3%  Smallest UI covered Employment Growth: ◦ Wyoming: 1.8% *Excerpt from “Occupational Shortages in the Construction Industry” by K. Faler, 2014, DWS, R&P 15

16.  Possible Causes: ◦ Relatively slow labor force growth ◦ Fewer people entering the workforce than leaving ◦ Changes in immigration policy ◦ Changes in technology  Growth of Population ages 20-59: ◦ Wyoming: 1.5% ◦ Nation: 2.0%  Growth of Population 19 and under: ◦ Wyoming: 1.2% ◦ Nation: -1.2% *Excerpt from “Occupational Shortages in the Construction Industry” by K. Faler, 2014, DWS, R&P 16

17. Occupational Shortages as of May 2013 WyomingRegionNation  Crane and Tower Operators  Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers  Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers  Electricians  Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators  Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics  Insulation Workers, Mechanical  Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators  Telecommunication Line Installers and Repairers  Crane and Tower Operators  Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers  Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators  Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators  Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers  Crane and Tower Operators  Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers  Elevators Installers and Repairers  Insulation Workers, Mechanical  Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators  Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers  Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers *Excerpt from “Occupational Shortages in the Construction Industry” by K. Faler, 2014, DWD, R&P 17

18.  Greatest Change in Regional Population  Greatest Change in UI Covered Employment  Greatest Change in Inflation Adjusted Wages  Third Highest Median Hourly Wages in Region  Occupational employment in North Dakota grows faster even when wages are higher in Wyoming. *Excerpt from “Occupational Shortages in the Construction Industry” by K. Faler, 2014, DWS, R&P 18

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20.  Therefore we must look for additional evidence regarding a labor shortage  There are other supporting documents that may indicate a labor shortage: proportion of non-resident workers from our New Hires Survey, changes in Unemployment Insurance claims, and changes in real wages.  Our office was awarded Workforce Data Quality Initiative Grant (WDQI) last year  WDQI will allow us to report on the labor supply coming out of high schools and colleges with this grant (how many students graduate from CC with a welding certificate)  WDQI analysis will offer a much clearer picture of what the education system is producing in terms of local labor supply 20

21. 42.4% of all new hires were nonresidents Average hourly wage: $43.26 100.0% of employers were satisfied with new hires’ skills Retention Rate: 88.5% of these new hires were still working for that employer one quarter later Prepared by M Moore, Research & Planning, WY DWS 17

22. Count and Percent Change in Initial Claimants: March 2011 to March 2014 March-11March-12 % Change March 2011 to March 2012 March-13 % Change March 2012 to March 2013 March-14 % Change March 2013 to March 2014 Total32502725-16.2%27852.2%2401-13.8% Nat. Resources & Mining275232-15.6%28121.1%215-23.5% Construction788560-28.9%5986.8%525-12.2% Manufacturing15017416.0%161-7.5%152-5.6% Trade, Transportation, & Utilities397368-7.3%353-4.1%287-18.7% Information158-46.7%912.5%1011.1% Financial Activities375035.1%548.0%575.6% Prof. & Bus. Services182160-12.1%157-1.9%140-10.8% Ed. & Health Services163143-12.3%142-0.7%101-28.9% Leisure & Hospitality578496-14.2%468-5.6%429-8.3% Government223175-21.5%20114.9%172-14.4% Other442359-18.8%3764.7%329-12.5% * Data can be found on R&P LMI website: http://doe.state.wy.us/LMI/ui.htm 22

23. W@W 2013 & 2014 Job Order Report (Natrona County) Occupation Group Total Job Orders (2013) Total Job Orders (2014) ChangeTotal Job Openings (2013) Total Job Openings (2014) Change N%N% All Occupations1076175768163.3%19253534160983.6% Architecture and Engineering Occupations (17) 19321368.4%194223121.1% Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations (27) 1711-6-35.3%209272360.0% Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance Occupations (37) 70801014.3%1051363129.5% Business and Financial Operations Occupations (13) 112312109.1%132613100.0% Community and Social Services Occupations (21) 1319646.2%132815115.4% Computer and Mathematical Occupations (15) 3107233.3%3107233.3% Construction and Extraction Occupations (47) 127289162127.6%287902615214.3% Education, Training, and Library Occupations (25) 41814350.0%52419380.0% Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Occupations (45) 2200.0%220 Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations (35) 65922741.5%1551802516.1% Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations (29) 337138115.2%379457154.1% Healthcare Support Occupations (31)21311047.6%419049119.5% Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations (49) 1021555352.0%1222017964.8% Legal Occupations (23)2200.0%42-2-50.0% Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations (19) 5138160.0%5138160.0% Management Occupations (11)35521748.6%4453920.5% Military Specific Occupations (55)1100.0%110 Office and Administrative Support Occupations (43) 1312219068.7%14727713088.4% Personal Care and Service Occupations (39) 2128733.3%26492388.5% Production Occupations (51)138150128.7%30230862.0% Protective Service Occupations (33)71811157.1%92617188.9% Sales and Related Occupations (41)791537493.7%15329213990.8% Transportation and Material Moving Occupations (53) 17028611668.2%41268627466.5% W@W Job order report 13&14, R&P DWS, 10/22/14 23

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26. New Hires (Maintenance and Repair Workers, General SOC 49-9071) By Industry For Two Years (2011Q4 - 2013Q3) Column1 Total Ag, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting MiningUtilitiesConstructionManufacturing Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Transportation & Warehousing Information Finance and Insurance Real Estate, Rental, and Leasing Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services Management of Companies and Enterprises Administrative, Support and Waste Management Educational Services Health Care and Social Assistance Arts, Entertainment, & Recreation Accomodation & Food Services Other Services (except Public Administration) Public Administration Education Post Secondary NA Post Secondary NA Post Secondary Number 2075N/D56617998N/D NAN/D390N/D NAN/D76858367 Average Hourly Wage for New Hire $12.69NA$15.00$24.42$13.25$17.00$14.50$16.19$13.00NA$18.50$12.00NA$12.50$10.00$17.13NA$12.75$11.00$16.54$12.00 Average Hourly Wage for Industry (May 2013) $20.03NA$32.56$35.45$13.40$31.69$16.41$16.29$21.42NA $13.79$19.93NA$17.25$19.52NA$17.11$15.52$15.43$19.52 % Paid Piece Rate 0.0 NA0.0 NA0.0 % Offered Benefits Health Insurance 50.1100.033.3100.050.0 100.0 NA100.049.10.0 100.0NA0.054.560.032.6 Retirement 45.2100.033.3100.050.0 0.0 100.0NA100.036.40.0 100.0NA0.054.560.032.6 Paid Leave 48.4100.033.3100.050.0 0.0100.0NA100.050.90.0 100.0NA0.054.560.032.6 Skills Selected as "Important" (%) Service Orientation 63.7100.033.327.850.060.00.0100.0 NA100.065.5100.050.0100.00.0NA75.063.680.069.6 Critical Thinking 80.8100.033.377.8100.0 50.0100.0 NA100.067.3100.050.0100.00.0NA25.090.9100.076.1 Reading Comprehension 57.40.033.3100.0 0.0100.0 NA100.060.0100.050.0100.00.0NA25.036.460.073.9 Technology Design 52.90.0 77.850.0 100.0 NA0.036.40.050.00.0 NA25.063.640.063.0 Operation and Control 74.4100.033.394.40.030.050.0100.0 NA100.060.00.050.0100.050.0NA25.090.960.093.5 Employers' Satisfaction with New Hires' Skills Satisfied 63.5100.0 50.080.0100.0 NA0.065.5100.0 50.0NA50.054.580.054.3 Not Satisfied 5.20.0 50.00.0 NA0.09.10.0 NA25.00.0 6.5 Neither 23.30.0 NA0.05.50.0 50.0NA25.045.520.021.7 Other 8.10.0 20.00.0 NA100.020.00.0 NA0.0 17.4 Average Weekly Hours 20 or Less 13.70.0 11.80.030.00.0 NA0.021.30.050.00.0 NA100.00.025.030.0 21-35 24.70.0 NA0.014.90.0 NA0.055.60.012.5 36 or More 61.60.0100.088.2100.070.0100.0 NA100.063.80.050.0100.0 NA0.044.475.057.5 Gender Female 20.150.033.316.70.0 NA0.023.60.0 NA25.027.30.019.6 Male 69.050.066.783.3100.090.0100.0 NA100.067.350.0100.0 NA25.054.5100.076.1 Nonresident 10.90.0 10.00.0 NA0.09.150.00.0 NA50.018.20.04.3 Age Group 19 and Younger 11.00.033.30.0 10.00.0 NA0.0 50.0100.00.0NA0.09.10.028.3 20-24 18.00.033.327.850.010.0100.00.0100.0NA0.018.20.0 NA0.018.20.013.0 25-34 22.750.033.344.40.020.00.0100.00.0NA0.027.30.0 50.0NA0.018.260.017.4 35-44 12.950.00.016.750.020.00.0 NA100.029.150.00.0 NA0.0 40.010.9 45-54 15.20.0 11.10.010.00.0 NA0.07.30.0 50.0NA0.027.30.013.0 55-64 6.10.0 20.00.0 NA0.03.60.0 NA0.09.10.06.5 65 and Older 1.30.0 NA0.03.60.050.00.0 NA25.00.0 Unknown 12.80.0 10.00.0 NA0.010.950.00.0 NA75.018.20.010.9 Turnover % Still Working 1 Quarter After Hire 85.7100.0 0.080.0100.0 NA100.083.6100.050.0100.0 NA100.0 40.073.9 26

27. Wyoming Occupational Projections and Average Hourly Wage for Occupations with and Average Hourly Wage >= $14.00 and Projected Employment Growth >= 200 Jobs Over the Next Decade WWDC CriteriaSOC CodeSOC TitleEmployment 2012Employment 2022Net ChangePercent ChangeHourly WageTypical Education Yes47‐2031Carpenters3,9084,70679820.4$19.66H.S. Diploma or equiv. Yes49‐9041Industrial Machinery Mechanics2,4073,11570829.4$27.21Post-Secondary Cert. No29‐1141Registered Nurses4,7385,61988118.6$29.56Associate's Degree No53‐3032Heavy and Tractor‐Trailer Truck Drivers7,0817,90182011.6$22.28H.S. Diploma or equiv. No11‐1021General and Operations Managers5,3526,15380115$45.94Associate's Degree No43‐3031Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks4,7185,39667814.4$17.52H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐2061Construction Laborers3,9074,56766016.9$15.61H.S. Diploma or equiv. No43‐6014Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive4,7875,41262513.1$16.08H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐1011First‐Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers3,7434,32358015.5$31.68H.S. Diploma or equiv. No49‐9071Maintenance and Repair Workers, General3,9664,44247612$20.03H.S. Diploma or equiv. No43‐9061Office Clerks, General5,6306,0874578.1$14.61H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐2111Electricians2,7513,17142015.3$25.82Post-Secondary Cert. No25‐2021Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education2,6493,03138214.4$27.63B.A. or M.A. Degree No41‐4012Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products2,1152,49437917.9$28.18B.A. Degree No47‐2073Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators5,5435,9173746.7$23.66H.S. Diploma or equiv. No43‐6013Medical Secretaries1,1691,53436531.2$15.06H.S. Diploma or Some college No53‐7062Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand2,2692,62535615.7$15.15H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐5013Service Unit Operators, Oil, Gas, and Mining3,1303,47234210.9$24.04H.S. Diploma or equiv. No43‐4051Customer Service Representatives1,9192,26034117.8$14.14H.S. Diploma or equiv. No51‐4121Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers2,4372,73229512.1$23.59Post-Secondary Cert. or A.A. No13‐2011Accountants and Auditors1,8872,16127414.5$29.77B.A. Degree No43‐1011First‐Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers1,9282,17024212.6$22.37On-job training or A.A. No41‐1011First‐Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers3,7353,9732386.4$19.02On-job training or A.A. No53‐3033Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers1,4751,69221714.7$17.35H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐2141Painters, Construction and Maintenance1,0921,30421219.4$17.62H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐2152Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters1,0851,29420919.3$20.35H.S. Diploma or equiv. No47‐5071Roustabouts, Oil and Gas2,0442,25320910.2$19.42H.S. Diploma or less Source: Wyoming's Occupational Projections 2012 to 2022 and Wyoming's Occupational Employment Statistics 2013. Wyoming Department of Workforce Services, Research & Planning. T Glover, WYDWS Research and Planning. 08/01/2014 27

28. OccupationHigh GrowthLabor Shortage Welders YESNO Electricians YES Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators YES 28

29.  Workforce opportunities list endorsed September 2014  First trainees enter program 4 th Quarter 2014  4 th Quarter 2015: did trainee get job?  1 st Quarter 2016: where are they employed?  Evaluation needs to be built in up front, otherwise necessary data are missing & program evaluation is costly 29

30.  Workforce Development Training Fund Evaluation  Statewide Workforce Development Plan  Hiring of 18 to 20 year-olds in Wyoming: Series in Labor Force Trends  Hathaway Scholarship Analysis 30

31. Questions? 31

32. Research & Planning Wyoming Department of Workforce Services P.O. Box 2760 246 S. Center St. Casper, WY 82601 (307) 473-3807 DWS-RESEARCHPLANNING@wyo.gov http://wyomingLMI.org Tom Gallagher, Manager tom.gallagher@wyo.gov