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FIBREGLASS Test Notes
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Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future
First of all… GFRP or GRP Glass Fibre
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An introduction to Fibreglass
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future An introduction to Fibreglass 20% less than Mild Steel... Same as Cast Iron Strength 10% heavier than cotton.. 40% lighter than Aluminium… Weight 25% more than Mild Steel.. Cost Same as Aluminium
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What is Fibreglass? Fibreglass is a composite
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future What is Fibreglass? Fibreglass is a composite A combination of two materials giving enhanced properties It is made of very thin glass fibres embedded in a resin
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Why use Fibreglass?
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The Makeup of Fibreglass
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The Recipe for Fibreglass
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future The Recipe for Fibreglass Glass fibres Resin ‘Suitable liquid’ + =
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Used in bullet-proof jackets
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future So why is fibreglass strong and durable? Used in bullet-proof jackets
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What affects its strength and durability?
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future What affects its strength and durability? The number of glass fibres The direction of the glass fibres The type of resin Note: There is a balance! Weathering?
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Going Deeper into Fibreglass
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future Going Deeper into Fibreglass Fibreglass Glass Fibres Glass Fibres Resin
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How thin are the glass fibres?
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future How thin are the glass fibres? More than 150 kilometres from one marble 16mm in diameter! 1/20th the width of human hair!
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Going Deeper into Fibreglass
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future Going Deeper into Fibreglass Fibreglass Glass Fibres Glass Fibres Resin
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Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future
What about the resin? Firstly there are different types of resin The three most common ones are Polyester Vinyl ester Epoxy
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Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future
How the resin is made Polyester Vinyl ester Epoxy ‘Suitable liquid’ Catalyst Additives Colour Other chemicals to enhance properties
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Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future
How the resin is made Polyester Vinyl ester Epoxy + Catalyst
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Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future
How the resin is made Polyester Vinyl ester Epoxy …and Epoxy? + Hardener Takes part in the reaction Usually an amine
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The Pros and Cons of using Epoxy
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future The Pros and Cons of using Epoxy Pros Cons Shrinks less during curing Curing ratios have to be very accurate Greater Chemical resistance
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The Pros and Cons of using Epoxy
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future The Pros and Cons of using Epoxy Also to note...
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The Pros and Cons of using Epoxy
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future The Pros and Cons of using Epoxy Pros Cons Shrinks less during curing Curing ratios have to be very accurate Greater Chemical resistance Costs a lot more Stronger composite Corrosive to handle
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So where does Vinyl Ester come in?
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future So where does Vinyl Ester come in? Vinyl ester is essentially polyester resin with epoxy molecules in the main molecular structure
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Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future
How the resin is made Polyester Vinyl ester Epoxy + Catalyst
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Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future
…and as a result... Vinyl ester is less susceptible to damage by water It is stronger than polyester resin BUT... It is harder to cure and repair
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The Properties of Fibreglass
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Fibreglass is adaptable
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future Fibreglass is adaptable Strength depends on arrangement of glass fibres More glass fibres can be placed on specific areas to enhance strength Chemicals can be added to improve fire resistance and all sorts of other properties
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Fibreglass is Cost Effective
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future Fibreglass is Cost Effective Same cost as Aluminium and 25% more than Mild Steel BUT... Less tooling costs No rusting Can be assembled in one piece Repairable damage
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Fibreglass is weight-saving
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future Fibreglass is weight-saving Mass of Fibreglass required to give same strength as metal Fibreglass is 80% lighter than mild steel… ...and 40% lighter than Aluminium!
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Fibreglass vs Metal and wood
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future Fibreglass vs Metal and wood
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Other properties of Fibreglass
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future Other properties of Fibreglass Non-metal :- Good insulator both against heat and electricity Easily cleaned due to smooth finish Not naturally flame retardant Different colours/textures available Can be manufactured easily and in one piece
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Uses of Fibreglass
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Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future
The uses of Fibreglass
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Some specific examples...
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future Some specific examples...
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The History of Fibreglass
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The History of Fibreglass
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future The History of Fibreglass Originally modelled on nature :- Bamboo Glass fibre was used by the Egyptians Heat treatment Dale Kleist Fibreglass came in during WW2 (1942)
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The Future of Fibreglass
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The Future for Fibreglass
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future The Future for Fibreglass One Problem: Microcracks can occur over time leading to failures One Solution: Make a ‘Self Healing’ Composite
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Self-healing Fibreglass
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future Self-healing Fibreglass Embed Catalyst and Microcapsules of repair fluid into the composite Leads to: Reduced weathering effects Less failures More reliability
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Self-healing Fibreglass in detail
Introduction Makeup Pros and Cons Properties Uses History Future Self-healing Fibreglass in detail
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