1. Innovative Technological Solutions for Wastewater Treatment and Disposal

2. “The significant problems we face today cannot be solved at the same level of thinking we were at when we created them” Albert Einstein

3. WASTE MANAGEMENT HIERARCHY  Cleaner Production / Waste Minimisation  Treatment  Reuse / Recover / Recycle  Disposal

4. Challenges Quality requirements Energy requirements Land requirements Operation and Maintenance

6. Advanced Biological Treatments Include  Membrane Bioreactor (MBR)  Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR)  Moving Bed Bioreactor (MBBR)  Pure Oxygen Technology  Biological Heavy Metal Removal ADVANCED BIOLOGICAL TREATMENTS

7. Typical Volumetric Loading and Removal Efficiency for Various Systems System Rate (kg BOD/m 3.d) Typical Loading Removal Efficiency (%) Complete Mix ASP0.3 – 1.685 - 92 Extended Aeration0.1 – 0.395 -98 Membrane Bioreactor1.8 – 5.796 - 99 Moving Bed Bioreactor1.0 – 1.491 - 98 Sequencing Bioreactor0.1 – 0.397 – 99 High Purity Oxygen1.3 - 3.296 - 98

8. FLOW TO CONVENTIONAL ETP : 750 M 3 /HR (435 M 3 /HR DISCHARGED AFTER TREATMENT ALONGWITH 66 M 3 /HR OF RO REJECT) FLOW TO FILTRATION UNIT & UF : 315 M 3 /HR UF PERMEATE : 315 M 3 /HR (218 M 3 /HR IS SUBJECTED TO RO & 97 M 3 /HR IS BLENDED WITH RO PERMEATE & EVENTUALLY USED FOR COOLING TOWER MAKE UP) FLOW TO RO SYSTEM : 218 M 3 /HR RO PERMEATE RECOVERED : 152 M 3 /HR BLENDED WITH UF PERMEATE & USED AS COOLING WATER MAKE UP RO REJECT : 66 M 3 /HR IS DISCHARGED ALONGWITH BIOLOGICALLY TREATED WASTEWATER WATER RECOVERED = 97 + 152 = 249 M 3 /HR USED AS COOLING TOWER MAKE UP REFINERY WASTEWATER BALANCE

9. DETAILS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT - REFINERY PRIMARY TREATMENT TERTIARY TREATMENT - IS SUMP - FILTER FEED / CHLORINATION SUMP - SS SUMP - DMF & ACF - SURGE TANKS - HRSCC - SPLITTER BOX - MULTIGRADE FILTER - API - BASKET STRAINER - TPI - ULTRA FILTRATION - DAF - REVERSE OSMOSIS - CHEMICAL DOSING SYSTEMS - CHEMICAL DOSING SYSTEM SECONDARY TREATMENT - BIOTOWER FEED SUMP - BIOTOWER - AERATION TANK - SECONDARY CLARIFIER -GUARD POND -CHEMICAL DOSING SYSTEMS PRELIMINARY TREATMENT UNITS FOR SPENT CAUSTIC - SPENT CAUSTIC TANK, REACTION TANK, H 2 O 2 DOSING SYSTEM TREATMENT UNITS FOR COMBINED WASTEWATER

10. EMULSIONS PLANT- WATER BALANCE TOTAL WATER REQUIREMENT - 253 M 3 /DAY TOTAL EFFLUENT FROM PLANT FLOWING TO ETP -128 M 3 /DAY (Including reject from WTP RO) PERMEATE RECOVERED FROM ETP – 99 M 3 /DAY (87 M 3 /DAY USED AS WTP FEED & 12 M 3 /DAY USED AS BOILER MAKE UP) RO REJECT (28 M 3 /DAY) FROM ETP SUBJECTED TO EVPORATION (CONDENSATE RECOVERD : 28 M 3 /DAY USED AS WTP FEED) SOLID WASTE FROM ETP (1 M 3 /DAY) & RMS : 0.5 TPD (85% DRY SOLIDS) FOR LANDFILL LIQUID EFFLUENT DISCHARGE – ZERO WATER RECOVERED = 127 M 3 /DAY, 115 M 3 /DAY USED AS WTP FEED & 12 M 3 /DAY USED AS BOILER FEED FRESH RAW WATER REQUIREMENT - 126 M 3 /DAY

11. REJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (RMS) WATER TREATMENT PLANT (WTP) WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT (WWTP) COOLING TOWER MAKE UP FLOOR WASH DOMESTIC PROCESS & UTILITIES 103 M 3 /D 88 M 3 /D 48 M 3 /D 10 M 3 /D 45 M 3 /D RO PERMEATE FOR UF BACKWASH BOILER & CT BLOWDOWN 15 M 3 /D 8 M 3 /D DOMESTIC EFFLUENT PROCESS EFFLUENT 55 M 3 /D RO REJECT PF BACKWASH MGF BACKWASH SOLIDS FOR DISPOSAL RO PERMEATE TO BOILER MAKEUP 12 M 3 /D 99 M 3 /D 87 M 3 /D RAW WATER FROM BOREWELL 126 M 3 /D RO PERMEATE TO SECURED LANDFILL 1M 3 /D DRY SLUDGE SLUDGE 25 M 3 /D 6 M 3 /D5 M 3 /D 3 M 3 /D RO REJECT 28 M 3 /D CONDENSATE 28 M 3 /D 11 M 3 /D WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM- EMUSIONS PLANT

12. DETAILS OF WTP - EMULSIONS PLANT -RAW WATER STORAGE TANK -HRSCC -PRESSURE SAND FILTER (PSF) - ULTRA VIOLET UNIT (UV) - REVERSE OSMOSIS UNIT (RO) - CHEMICAL DOSING SYSTEM

13. TOTAL WATER REQUIREMENT - 4030 M 3 /DAY TOTAL EFFLUENT FLOWING TO ETP - 3178 M 3 /D 100 M 3 /D CTBD USED FOR GREEN BELT DIRECTLY 250 M 3 /D NEUTRALISED DM REG. USED FOR GREEN BELT 1070 M 3 /D OF UF PERMEATE RECYCLED TO DM PLANT 1025 M 3 /D OF UF PERMEATE RECYCLED AS CT MAKEUP 786 M 3 /D RO PERMEATE RECYCLED TO PROCESS RO REJECT (197 M 3 /D) & SLUDGE (100 M 3 /D) FROM ETP SUBJECTED TO EVPORATION (290 M 3 /D OF CONDENSATE RECOVERED USED FOR PROCESS) SOLIDWASTE FROM RMS : 5.8TPD (85% DRY SOLIDS) FOR LANDFILL LIQUID EFFLUENT DISCHARGE – ZERO WATER RECOVERED = 100+250+1070+1025+786+290 = 3521 M 3 /D FRESH RAW WATER REQUIREMENT - 509 M 3 /D PVC PLANT – WATER BALANCE

14. WATER RECOVERY PLANT FLOWSHEET FOR PVC PLANT