1. The FRAME Routine
Key Topic
is about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Main idea

2. the study of matter and energy.
The FRAME Routine
Key Topic
is about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Main idea
Physical Science
the study of matter and energy.
Studying Physical Science
Importance of Physical Science
Specialization
Physical science is the study of matter and energy
Specialization is working in one area of a subject
Discoveries of physical scientists are important in everyday life
Physical science has two main branches
Specialized fields of physical science include biochemistry, thermodynamics, optics, and nuclear physics
Physical scientists have researched nuclear energy to reduce world’s energy problems
Chemistry is the study of the structure and makeup of matter and changes matter undergoes
Physical scientists are researching other alternative sources of energy
Physics deals with energy and matter and how they interact
Discovery of new materials has resulted in development of plastics, ceramics, and other products
Studying matter and how it reacts with other substances has created new materials for everyday life.

3. the characteristics used to describe an object.
The FRAME Routine
Key Topic
is about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Main idea
Properties of Matter
the characteristics used to describe an object.
Properties of Matter
Physical Sciences
Matter
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
Properties are characteristics used to describe an object
Chemistry is study of structure and makeup of matter and changes matter undergoes
Mass is amount of matter a sample contains
Chemists study how different kinds of matter change and combine
Properties include color, shape, hardness, mass, volume, weight, and density
Volume is amount of space sample takes up
Weight is measure of pull of gravity on sample of matter
Physics is the study of ways that different forms of energy and matter interact
Density tells how much matter is in a unit volume
Physicists study the different forms of energy
Physical scientists study the properties of matter and energy.

4. distinguishing between physical and chemical changes.
The FRAME Routine
Key Topic
is about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Main idea
Changes in Matter
distinguishing between physical and chemical changes.
Physical Properties
Physical Changes
Chemical Changes
Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing makeup of substance
Physical changes involves physical properties of material
Chemical change results in new kind of matter being formed
Physical change does not produce new substances
E.g., burning wood, rusting of iron, digesting food
States of matter are physical properties
Physical properties include shape, size, color, and texture
E.g., sawing of wood, cutting apple in half
Changes in matter can be either physical or chemical.

5. ways in which matter can change from one state to another.
The FRAME Routine
Key Topic
is about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Main idea
State Changes
ways in which matter can change from one state to another.
Evaporation & Condensation
State Changes
Freezing & Melting
Sublimation
A change in matter from one state to another
Freezing is change from liquid to solid
Evaporation is change from liquid to gas at surface of liquid
Sublimation is change of a solid directly to a gas without passing through liquid state
At freezing point, liquid loses enough heat to change to solid
Particles at surface gain enough heat to change to gas state
Sublimation point is temperature at which solid changes to gas
Four main kinds of change of state
During change of state, there is change in heat energy
Melting is change from solid to liquid
Condensation is change from gas to liquid
Substance gains or loses heat during state change
At melting point, solid gains enough heat to change to liquid
Particles in gas lose heat energy and change into liquid
When matter changes from one state to another, a substance gains or loses heat energy.

6. the four physical forms, or states, of matter.
The FRAME Routine
Key Topic
is about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Main idea
States of Matter
the four physical forms, or states, of matter.
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
State of matter with definite shape and volume
State of matter with definite volume but no definite shape
State of matter with no definite shape or volume
State of matter made of electrically charged particles
Particles are in constant motion
Particles are tightly packed
Particles can change position
Rare on earth
Particles can only vibrate in place
Particles take shape of container
Particles take shape of container
Found where temperatures and pressures are high-stars
Cannot change position easily
Particles move to all parts of container
Scientists have created plasmas in laboratory
All matter can exists in one of four states: solid, liquid, gas, or plasma.