1. Chapter 5
Review

2. The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called ______.

3. heredity

4. The different forms of a trait that a gene may have are called _____.

5. alleles

6. The study of how traits are inherited is the science of _____.

7. genetics

8. In a Punnet square, the letters stand for ______.
A. dominant alleles
B. recessive alleles
C. both a and b
D. neither a nor b

9. C

10. The genetic makeup of an organism is called its _____.

11. genotype

12. The way an organism looks and behaves as a result of its genetic makeup is called its _____.

13. phenotype

14. In a Punnett square, a capital letter (T) stands for a _____ allele.

15. dominant

16. The combination Tt represents a _____ genotype.
A. heterozygous
B. homozygous
C. purebred
D. recessive

17. A

18. Experiments with four o’clock flowers produced examples of _____ dominance.

19. incomplete

20. Blood type is an example of ______.
A. multiple alleles
B. a pair of genes
C. polygenic inheritance
D. sex-linked genes

21. A

22. Color blindness is an example of _____.
A. a sex-linked disorder
B. incomplete dominance
C. a genetic disorder
D. polygenic inheritance

23. A

24. Genetic engineering has already helped people by _____.
A. altering pedigrees
B. curing Down’s syndrome
C. eliminating infant deaths
D. producing medicine

25. D

26. Through recombinant DNA, scientist have been able to _____.
A. cure color blindness
B. create new breeds of dogs
C. alter viruses
D. improve tomatoes

27. D

28. Who is known as the father of genetics?

29. Gregor Mendel

30. Organisms that receive different alleles from each parent are called _____.

31. hybrids

32. What term describes an organism with two alleles that are the same?

33. homozygous

34. What term describes an organism with two different alleles for a trait?

35. heterozygous

36. What term describes a group of gene pairs acting together to produce a trait?

37. polygenic inheritance

38. Errors occurring in the DNA when it is copied inside a cell are called _____.

39. mutations

40. The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called _____.

41. heredity

42. The different forms of a trait that a gene may have are called _____.

43. alleles

44. In a Punnett square, the letters stand for ______ and _____ alleles.

45. dominant, recessive

46. The genetic makeup of an organism is called its _____.

47. genotype

48. The way an organism looks and behaves as a result of its genetic makeup is called its _____.

49. phenotype

50. passing of traits from one generation to another
Vocabulary
passing of traits from one generation to another

51. heredity

52. inserting DNA into bacteria

53. recombinant DNA

54. study of inheritance

55. genetics

56. an allele inherited on a sex chromosome

57. sex-linked gene

58. a trait that is hidden

59. recessive

60. the chance that an event will take place

61. probability

62. genetic makeup of an organism

63. genotype

64. a normal allele is placed into a virus

65. gene therapy

66. physical appearance resulting from genotype

67. phenotype

68. both alleles are express in offspring

69. incomplete dominance

70. more than one set of genes controls a trait

71. polygenic inheritance

72. True/False
Genetic engineering is the practice of changing the arrangement of DNA through biological and chemical methods.

73. True

74. In gene therapy a normal allele is placed in a virus, which delivers the allele when it infects its target cell.

75. True

76. An allele inherited on a sex chromosome is called a sex-linked disorder.

77. False, sex-linked gene

78. Environmental influences cannot have an impact on phenotype.

79. False, can

80. Environmental influences can be internal or external.

81. True

82. Gregor Mendel was the first experimenter to trace one trait through several generations.

83. True

84. Mendel called plants that had received different alleles for a trait from each parent genes.

85. False, hybrids

86. A given allele’s effect is dominant or recessive.

87. True

88. An organism with two alleles that are the same is called heterozygous.

89. Multiple Answers
False, homozygous

90. An organism that has two different alleles for a trait is called homozygous.

91. False, heterozygous

92. A trait produced by a combination of many genes is called polygenic.

93. True

94. Multi point question
Create a Punnet Square where the father is homozygous dominate for cleft chin and mother is homozygous recessive for no cleft chin.

95. What are the genotypes and phenotypes for their offspring?

96. Create a Punnet Square where the father is heterozygous for dominate dimples and the mother is heterozygous for dominate dimples.

97. What are the genotypes and phenotypes for their offspring?