1. HI 227 RUSSIA: 1613-1905

2. Overview Course Description, Requirements Main Themes I. Geographical Factors II. Historical Experience III. Patterns, Processes IV. 17 th Century Muscovy V. Conclusions

3. I. Historical Geography A.Key determinants 1.Size 2.Vegetation and soil 3.Extreme northern location 4.Topography 5.Climate 6.Mineral resources 7.Landlocked B.Consequences 1.Economic 2.Demographic 3.Political

4. MAP OF RUSSIA

5. II. Historical Experience A.Pre-Kievan, to 860 B.Kiev Rus, 860-1240 C.Mongol/appanage, 1240-1480 D.Muscovy, 1480-1689

6. Kiev Rus (862-1240)

7. Madonna Icon

8. Boris and Gleb Icon (14 th century)

9. Mongol Conquest 1237-40

10. Alexander Nevsky

11. Alexander Nevsky Icon

12. Andrei Rublev: Holy Trinity 1390s

13. St. Sergius Blesses Dmitry Donskoi (1380)

14. Russian Growth

15. Ivan the Terrible

16. Ivan Groznyi (1937 Film)

17. Vasilii the Blessed Cathedral

18. Ivan the Terrible Charter (1552)

19. Repin: Ivan IV and Son (1581)

20. III. Patterns, Processes A.“Eurasia” B.Myth of autocracy C.Historical memory D.Particularism E.Social inversion F.Territorial expansion G.De-russification

21. IV. 17 th -Century Muscovy A.Intro: 1. Themes 2. Sources 3. Historiography

22. IV. 17 th -Century Muscovy B. Polity 1. Autocracy as monocracy 2. Rise of bureaucracy 3. Law 4. Army 5. Finances

23. 17th Century Monarchs Boris Godunov, Vasilii Shuiskii and others, 1598- 1613 Mikhail Romanov, 1613-1645 Tsar Alexis, 1645-1676 Fedor, 1676-1682 Sofia as regent for Peter and Ivan V, 1682-1689 Peter I, 1689-1725

24. Boris Godunov (1598-1605)

25. Mikhail Romanov (r. 1613-45)

26. Patriarch Filaret (Romanov)

27. Tsar Alexis

28. Alexis and Boyar Duma

29. Zemskii Sobor 1645

30. Ulozhenie (Law Code) of 1649

31. Ulozhenie of 1649: Printed Text

32. Fedor

33. Sophia

34. Repin: Sofia at Novodevichii

35. IV. 17 th -Century Muscovy C. Empire-building 1. Siberia: Eastward expansion 2. Southwest: partial gains 3. South & Northwest: stalemate

37. Muscovy: 17 th Century

38. IV. 17 th -Century Muscovy D. Economy, Society, Revolt 1. Economic recovery 2. Social orders: nobility townspeople clergy peasantry 3. Social Disorders: Urban Revolt Stenka Razin

39. “Stenka” Razin

40. Razin: Execution (1672)

41. Razin Beer

42. IV. 17 th -Century Muscovy E. Culture 1.Emergence of elite, proto-Westernization 2.Schism

43. Patriarch Nikon

44. Archpriest Avvakum Icon

45. Surikov: Boyarina Morozova

46. Storming Solovetskii Monastery

47. V. Conclusions: Some Dates and Numbers Dates 988Adoption of Eastern Christianity 1240Mongol Conquest 1480Emancipation from Mongols 1547Coronation of Tsar Ivan IV (Terrible) 1598End of Riurik Dynasty 1598-1613 Time of Troubles 1613Founding of Romanov Dynasty 1649Ulozhenie (Law Code)

48. Table 1: Population Growth (millions) Country1480168017801913 Russia2.510.227.8159.0 Britain3.75.59.641.5 Germany0.81.45.567.0 France12.618.825.139.8

49. Table 2: Population Density (per sq. km) Country150016801913 Russia5.80.27.5 Britain2332182 Germany16124 US0.112.3 France313674

50. Table 3: Urban Population (% of total population) Country180018901920 Russia3.07.215.0 Britain21.372.178.0 Germany26.537.751.4

51. Table 4: Territorial Growth YearArea (sq. km.) 13281,554 146238,849 1553103,600 164614,100,000 179616,600,000 191421,800,000

52. Table 5: Population with 1646 Core (percent of total population) Year% in 1646Core% in Annexed 1646100.00.0 1719`87.212.8 179663.636.4 185854.845.2 189740.359.7 191440.959.1

53. Table 6: Ethnic Makeup of Russian Empire Ethnic Group 171917951914 Russian70.762.344.6 Ukrainian12.919.818.1 Belorussian2.48.34.0 Poles6.26.5 Jews1.44.2 Others14.02.022.6