1. 16) J-Omit/delete something you don’t need 27) D-Replace the underlined portion with a shorter portion that means the same thing 39) D-Omit/delete something you don’t need 46) J-Omit/delete something you don’t need 67) D-need punctuation to separate these 2 clauses

2. 21 As soon as my aunt assured me that Rosie wouldn’t snap or bite, I reached down to stroke her neck, admiring her brown and tan carapace, or upper shell. Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would NOT be acceptable? A. After my B. When my C. My D. Once my

3. 21 A comma is not enough to separate 2 independent clauses As soon as my aunt assured me that Rosie wouldn’t snap or bite, I reached down to stroke her neck, admiring her brown and tan carapace, or upper shell. Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would NOT be acceptable? A. After my B. When my C. My D. Once my

4. 53 Kayaks can float in less than a foot of water, so a nature watcher can quietly paddle through the shallows. Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would be LEAST acceptable? A. water. Thus B. water. Consequently C. water, and, as a result, D. water. Yet

5. 53 Original+A,B,C show cause and effect relationship, D shows contrasting relationship Kayaks can float in less than a foot of water, so a nature watcher can quietly paddle through the shallows. Which of the following alternatives to the underlined portion would be LEAST acceptable? A. water. Thus B. water. Consequently C. water, and, as a result, D. water. Yet

6. 40 Banneker lived and worked on the family farm. After his father died in 1759, Banneker took over the responsibility of the farm and the care of his mother and younger sisters. In addition, he pursued scientific studies and taught himself to play the flute and violin. F. NO CHANGE G. sisters. Therefore, H. sisters, in addition, J. sisters, therefore,

7. 40 The portion shows an AI relationship, G & J show a C & E relationship Not H because a semi-colon or period must come before a conjunctive adverb Banneker lived and worked on the family farm. After his father died in 1759, Banneker took over the responsibility of the farm and the care of his mother and younger sisters. In addition, he pursued scientific studies and taught himself to play the flute and violin. F. NO CHANGE G. sisters. Therefore, H. sisters, in addition, J. sisters, therefore,

8. 31 Benajmin Banneker, African American inventor and astronomer, grew up on his family’s farm in colonial Maryland. A. NO CHANGE B. family’s C. families’ D. families

9. 31 Family is a singular noun. It is the family’s farm, so use 's Family=singular (one family). Families=plural (many families). Benajmin Banneker, African American inventor and astronomer, grew up on his family’s farm in colonial Maryland. A. NO CHANGE B. family’s C. families’ D. families

10. COPY THIS: If a singular noun ends in 'y', change it to 'ies' to make it plural Party--->Parties Butterfly--->Butterflies *Unless the 'y' comes after a vowel: then just add 's' Monkey--->Monkeys

11. COPY THIS: If a plural noun has possession, use s' That is the the butterflies' home = More than one butterfly lives in the home. That is the Obamas' home = More than one Obama lives in the home.

12. 37 He dismantled a pocket watch borrowed from a traveling merchant, made detailed drawings of it's components, and returned it--fully functioning--to the merchant. A. NO CHANGE B. its' C. its D. their

13. 37 The pocket watch (singular) “owns/possesses” the components Its=possession. It's= it is. He dismantled a pocket watch borrowed from a traveling merchant, made detailed drawings of it's components, and returned it--fully functioning--to the merchant. A. NO CHANGE B. its' C. its D. their

14. 59 But all kayakers can appreciate the nuances of nature as they travel on water in this simple, but versatile boat. A. NO CHANGE B. simple C. simple-- D. simple;

15. 59 Comma separates 2 clauses, "but versatile boat" isn't an independent clause. Exs. Today was sunny but cold. He's cute but stupid. But all kayakers can appreciate the nuances of nature as they travel on water in this simple, but versatile boat. A. NO CHANGE B. simple C. simple-- D. simple;

16. 61 Some live in airless seams of burning rock; miles beneath Earth's surface and around the hydrothermal vents of deep sea-volcanoes. A. NO CHANGE B. seams, of burning rock C. seams of burning rock D. seams, of burning rock,

17. 61 "Some live...rock" is not an independent clause. You cannot break any of this down into independent clauses. Some live in airless seams of burning rock; miles beneath Earth's surface and around the hydrothermal vents of deep sea-volcanoes. A. NO CHANGE B. seams, of burning rock C. seams of burning rock D. seams, of burning rock,

18. 63 Others, salt-encrusted, "sleep" in ancient caverns, waking after centuries to feed and to be bred. A. NO CHANGE B. for breeding. C. to breed D. breeding.

19. 63 New Skill: Parallel Structure Copy the Author's style & keep it consistent Others, salt-encrusted, "sleep" in ancient caverns, waking after centuries to feed and to be bred. A. NO CHANGE B. for breeding. C. to breed D. breeding.

20. 15 In a few days, when the kiln has cooled, Ellen opens the chamber, revealing the results of her labor and of the fire's magic. Each piece shines as it meets the light of day. A. NO CHANGE B. labor, which is the fire's C. labor, of which the fire is D. labor, and the fire is

21. 15 Parallel Structure Copy the Author's style & keep it consistent In a few days, when the kiln has cooled, Ellen opens the chamber, revealing the results of her labor and of the fire's magic. Each piece shines as it meets the light of day. A. NO CHANGE B. labor, which is the fire's C. labor, of which the fire is D. labor, and the fire is

22. It is her blanket at night, being her pillow for mid- afternoon naps, and her towel after bathing. A. No Change B. used for a pillow for mid-afternoon naps, C. for mid-afternoon naps it is her pillow, D. her pillow for mid-afternoon naps,

23. Parallel Structure Copy the Author's style & keep it consistent It is her blanket at night, being her pillow for mid- afternoon naps, and her towel after bathing. A. No Change B. used for a pillow for mid-afternoon naps, C. for mid-afternoon naps it is her pillow, D. her pillow for mid-afternoon naps,