1. Online at pprc.umsl.edu/bedbugs/

2. BED BUGS  HOW MANY OF YOU HAVE SEEN A LIVE BED BUG?  HOW MANY OF YOU HAVE EXPERIENCED A BED BUG INFESTATION?  HOW MANY USE A CONTRACTOR FOR PEST MANAGEMENT?

3. A partnership of the Public Policy Research Center at the University of Missouri-St. Louis and the St. Louis Lead Prevention Coalition. A 12-month project Funded by a grant from the EPA

4. Special Thanks to the following for their assistance, their expertise, and permission to use materials  Erik Foster, MS, Medical Entomologist, Michigan Department of Community Health and the Michigan Bed Bug Working Group  Dini M. Miller, PhD., Dept of Entemology, Virginia Tech  Purdue University Cooperative Extension  Northern Kentucky Health Department  Philip J. Alexakos, MPH, REHS, Manchester Health Department

16. TEMPERATURE EFFECTS - Below ~55˚ Development stops -Above ~99˚ Development stops -Thrive at temps between ~68˚ F - 80˚ F -Die at Temps > 113˚F or < 32 ˚F

17. Adults  Temperature affects life-span  At 98°, females live an average of 32 days while males live an average of 29 days  At 50°, females live an average of 425 days while males live an average of 401 days  Females can lay between 200 and 500 eggs in their lifetime (Johnson 1942, Usinger 1966)

20. ½ of the blood ingested is lost by defecation within 5 hours.

22. Can be confused with…  Ticks  Cockroach nymphs  Bat bugs  Carpet beetles  Other kinds of bug bites 22 Mosquito Bites Tick Bat Bug Cockroach Nymph Carpet Beetle

23. Cockroach Easily climbs smooth surfaces. Can’t climb smooth surfaces. Pads vs. No Pads Bed bug Site for pesticide absorption None here

36. F OCUS ON I NSPECTIONS  INSPECTIONS ARE AS CHALLENGING AS TREATMENTS  PROPER INSPECTIONS REQUIRE TIME  INSPECTIONS CAN BE PHYSICALLY CHALLENGING

37. TWO TYPES OF INSPECTIONS  INITIAL INSPECTION  POST TREATMENT INSPECTION

38. INITIAL INSPECTION  SEARCHING FOR ANY INDICATION OF INFESTATION  LIVE INSECTS  CAST SKINS  BLOOD SPOTS

39. POST TREATMENT INSPECTION  MORE DIFFICULT INSPECTION  MUST LOOK FOR LIVE INSECTS AND EGGS  MUST SEARCH FURTHER AWAY FROM BED

40. Where are bed bugs found inside dwellings? 40 Mattresses

41. Bed Components 41

42. Headboards 42

43. Furniture 43

44. Furniture 44

45. 45

46. Carpets, Padding, Baseboards 46

47. Basic Inspection Tips  Check for small stains on furniture and bedding  Look for shed skins, amber in color  Check crevices  Check screw and nail holes  Turn over furniture to check underside  Pull out drawers and inspect all sides 47

48. Primary Bed Bug Harborage ~70% 5 feet Secondary Bed Bug Harborages ~23% “Other” Bed Bug Harborages ~7%

49. Lessons Learned  Waiting too long makes an infestation impossible to completely eradicate  Active surveillance continues  Quick response to new sightings  Must be a carefully coordinated effort  Must have the support of the property owner and ALL tenants  Pick up of infested materials must be timely  Education and ongoing assessments are a must

50. Lessons Learned  Must identify barriers to success  Languages and Literacy  $$$  New or “gently used” replacement items  Laundry  Relocation  New Tenants  Reducing the “stigma” of reporting

51. General Protection Tips: Home Visitors  Carry as few extra items with you as possible  Do not bring bags or personal items inside  Consider bringing a portable stool, and sit toward the middle of the room  If stool not possible, sit on hard chair  Do not sit on beds or plush furniture  Check clothing after visit and before entering car  Put belongings in clear plastic bags 51

52. Protection Tips: Field Workers  Use separate clothes and shoes for field work  Shake clothes outside before entering car  Change clothes at work  Seal field clothes in clear plastic bag for laundering  Inspect own living and work space regularly 52

53. Protection Tips: In the Office  Limit personal belongings clients bring in  Limit plush furniture  Inspect office regularly  Hire pest control at any sign of bed bugs 53

54. Protection Tips: Maintenance Workers  Wear Tyvek suit or other coveralls  Seal coveralls in plastic bag after use and discard  Dedicate a vacuum for pest control 54

55. BUG DETECTING DOGS  COULD BE THE FUTURE OF INSPECTIONS  MUCH QUICKER  SIGNIFICANTLY MORE ACCURATE

56. BED BUG DOGS ADVANTAGES  PROVEN TO BE 96% ACCURATE  CAN INSPECT A ROOM IN A MATTER OF MINUTES  ARE A MARKETING MAGNET

57. BED BUG DOGS LIMITATIONS  CAN NOT SEARCH UP HIGH  WORK BEST WHEN PAIRED WITH SAME HANDLER  NEED REINFORCEMENT TRAINING ALMOST DAILY

58. Equipment for Heat Treatment 6 polystyrene sheets 2 box fans 2 heaters Extension cords and power strip 1 oscillating fan

59. Temperature Monitoring ThermometersData Loggers

60. Room Setup for Heat Treatment Vials of Bed Bugs

61. Room Setup  Live bed bugs  Data loggers  Thermometer sensors  Placement Under pillows on mattress In cabinet Under mattress

62. Placement of Fans and Heaters

63. Prepared Room

64. PANELS GOING TOGETHER

65. TOP GOING ON

66. HEAT CHAMBER

67. Heat Chamber

68. 141 F Room Under mattress Under pillow Under mattress Under pillow

69. Temperatures during a 2 hour 20 minute Treatment Start End

70. All bed bugs died

71. Equipment Costs $312.89  2 Space heaters  6 Polystyrene sheets  2 Box fans  1 Oscillating fan  2 Thermometers  2 Extension cords; power strip  Duct or packing tape

72. WHOLE ROOM HEAT  THERE ARE COMPANIES THAT ARE PERFORMING WHOLE ROOM HEAT  TWO DIFFERENT ENERGY SOURCES  PROPANE  ELECTRICITY

73. WHOLE ROOM HEAT USING PROPANE GAS  WORKS GREAT IF ALL ROOMS ARE GROUND FLOOR  NEED A READY SOURCE OF PROPANE  MAY TAKE UP TO 24 HOURS

74. WHOLE ROOM HEAT USING ELECRICITY  115 VOLT HEATERS REQUIRE 6 15 AMP CIRCUITS TO OPERATE  460 VOLT HEATERS NEED A GENERATOR  GETS RATHER EXPENSIVE

75. MANUFACTURERS  Temp Air – http://www.temp-air.com/thermal/index.asp  Pest-Heat (manufacture of heat generating equipment)  http://www.pestheat.com/index.html http://www.pestheat.com/index.html  ThermaPureHeat – http://www.thermapure.com/bedbugs.php

76. Now What…  Bedbug Policy Task Force  Policy Change  Reducing risk factors  Curbside bedding/furniture pick-up  Addressing areas of concern  Used furniture and clothing operations  Increase funding to treat/support treatment  Public Education  Increase access to educational materials  Reduce stigma

78. M ISSOURI L EGISLATION  Beg Bug Bills Last Session  Senate Bill No. 846  House Bill No. 1207 Key terms: negligence, implied habitability