2. Static and Current Electricity April 2006 BY: BRIANNA SHIELDS

3. DO NOW 1. What type of wave is a sound wave? 2. Which type of wave from the electromagnetic spectrum has the least amount of energy and the longest wavelength? 3. Why can’t you hear a sound in outer space?

4. GOAL To differentiate between static and current electricity

5. Fill in the answers to the video questions while you watch the video.

7. Proton = P= (+) = nucleus Neutron = N = (0) = nucleus Electron = E = (-) = outside nucleus

8. Bohr Model of an Atom 8P 8N

9. More on subatomic particles Neutral atom Forces # P = # E 1. P-E = attract 2. P-P = repel 3. E-E = repel

10. How do atoms become charged??

11. Static Electricity 1. The accumulation of extra negative e- on an object 2. Only e- can be transferred 3. Opposite charges attract 4. Like charges repel

12. Static Electricity Static Electricity Example 5. Extra e- = negatively charged object/atom 6. Missing e- = positively charged object/atom

14. For each of the following static electricity examples you must do the following: –1. Draw a picture –2. Accompany it with an explanation

15. Scenario 1: If you shuffle your feet on the carpet, then reach out to touch a metal door knob, you receive a shock by a spark- explain why? Rubbing disturbs the atoms Electrons rubbed off carpet and onto your feet –Shoe has extra e’s (negative chg) –Rug is missing e’s (positive chg) –Extra electrons from the shoe are transferred to the doorknob in the form of an electrical spark

16. Scenario 2: Clothing sometimes clings together upon removal from the dryer- Why? Electrons rub off clothes and stick to others Some items get a negative charge These clothes are attracted to the ones with a positive charge (clothes missing electrons).

17. Scenario 3: Charging by Induction- charged object and neutral object attract when atoms in neutral object rearrange their protons and electrons Rub a balloon w/ a cloth to charge it, it accumulates extra negatives on it Bring it close to a wall and it rearranges the atoms on the wall It pulls protons closer and pushing electrons away

18. Scenario 4: Charged skotch tape Ripping the tape off the desk gives it a charge When the charged rod is brought up to the piece of tape it is either attracted or repelled

19. Scenario 5: Flying Pepper Charging the rod with fur transfers e’s to the rod Neutral pepper experiences rearrangement of the e’s so the p’s on top are attracted to the pepper

20. Scenario 6: Bending Water Charge the rod, bring it close to water It rearranges the electrons in the water causing them to be attracted to the negative rod

21. Scenario 7: Electroscope The negatively charged rod transfers electrons to the metal knob The e’s travel down the metal rod into the aluminum foil Each piece of foil, then has a negative charge- so they repel

22. Scenario 8: Lightning The accumulation of negative charge in clouds Electrons transfer to positively charged ground to even out the charge Produces electrical spark known as lightning

25. Conductors & Insulators Conductor Insulator 1. A material that allows e- to move easily through 2. Metals 1. A material that resists e- flow 2. Plastic, wood, rubber, glass

26. Circuits Current Electricity Creates continuous e- flow

27. Circuits Parts of a circuit 1. Source –Battery-pumps electrons –Flows from - to + end

28. Circuits Parts of a circuit 2. Wire –Creates path for e- flow

29. Circuits Parts of a circuit 3. Load –Resists e- flow, converts it to light or heat –Bulbs, toasters

30. Circuits Parts of a circuit 4. Switch –Opens and closes circuit path –Open circuit= no e- flow

31. Examples of simple circuits

32. Circuit must be closed for electrons to flow……..

33. Circuits Types of circuit SERIES –Parts connected in a continuous path (one loop) –A break disconnects the whole circuit

35. Circuits Types of circuit Parallel –Contains various paths for e- flow (branches) –If there’s a break, e- can take a different path

36. Electricity Review Sites Interactive Electricity Mr Blobz Electricity

37. Circuit Drawings 1. Draw a circuit in series with one source, one switch and 4 loads 2. Draw a circuit in parallel with two wire loops, each with a load, one switch and one source

38. Reviewing Circuits

43. Draw the following circuit examples on your handout: Circuit in series with one source, one switch and 4 loads Circuit in parallel with three wire loops, one source, one switch and three loads (one on each loop).