1. Terpenes are the building blocks for a number of molecules Phytol tail on chlorophyll Ubiquinone tail Gibberellins Cytokinin Steroids Many secondary products

2. Terpenes are the building blocks for a number of molecules Phytol tail on chlorophyll Ubiquinone tail Gibberellins Cytokinin Steroids Many secondary products

3. Fig. 24.01

4. Fig. 24.02 Terpenes are made from C5 units

5. Fig. 24.03 Thyme leaf surfaceSpearmint trichome Secretory cavity lemon Resin duct, Jeffrey Pine

6. Nuts and Bolts The terpene lecture is on the web Papers are due Thursday, May 9 Final exam Saturday, May 18 - 105 Tureaud

8. Terpenes are the building blocks for a number of molecules Phytol tail on chlorophyll Ubiquinone tail Gibberellins Cytokinin Steroids Many secondary products

11. In plants, hemes are built from glutamate in the chloroplast In animals and fungi, hemes are made from succinyl CoA and glycine in the mitochondria The chlorophyll phytol tail is a terpene

12. Fig. 12.04 phytol

13. Succinyl CoA + glycine Heme Biosynthesis (animals)

14. Fig. 12.05

15. Glutamic acid to ALA

16. Two ALA molecules are condensed to make porphobilinogen

17. Fig. 12.05 4 porphobilinogen molecules make up protoporphyrinogen IX

18. Fig. 12.05 Chlorophyll biosynthesis begins with chelation of Mg+2

19. Fig. 12.05

20. Chlorophyll biosynthetic intermediates Protoporphyrinogen – four rings Protochlorophyllide – Ring V is made Chlorophyllide – Ring IV is reduced Chlorophyll – phytol is atttached

23. Terpenes are the building blocks for a number of molecules Phytol tail on chlorophyll Ubiquinone tail Gibberellins Cytokinin Steroids Many secondary products

24. The isoprene unit is the basic building block of terpenes The isoprene unit has five carbons Three Acetyl CoA molecules make up mevalonic acid (MVA) which has (6 carbons) MVA is oxidized, CO 2 is lost and isopentenylpyrophosphate (IPP) is made This occurs in the ER There is another pathway in the plastid (don’t worry about it)

27. Fig. 24.04 ER pathway Highly regulated

28. Fig. 24.04 ER pathway (continued)

29. Fig. 24.05

30. Fig. 14.25 Plastid pathway (top)

32. Fig. 24.07

33. Yes No

34. Fig. 12.07

35. Fig. 12.08

36. C20 C40 head to head dimerization

42. Fig. 17.24

43. Fig. 17.27

44. See also Figure 17.28

50. Fig. 17.61

51. Fig. 17.62

52. Fig. 17.05

53. Fig. 17.08

55. Fig. 17.09

58. Fig. 17.12

60. Fig. 17.32

61. Fig. 17.35

62. Monoterpenes

64. Sesquiterpenes

67. Diterpenes