1. WINDS

3. Responsible for triggering the initial movement of air.

4. SHIFT IN WIND DIRECTION DUE TO EARTH’S ROTATION
CORIOLIS EFFECT
SHIFT IN WIND DIRECTION DUE TO EARTH’S ROTATION

6. What happens if pressure is the same?
No wind!

7. Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences

8. Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences
Local Winds
Sea breeze
Land breeze

9. LOCAL WINDS
Uneven heating of land vs water
SEA BREEZE
LAND BREEZE

10. Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences
Local Winds
Seasonal Winds- over bigger region (ex-SE Asia)
Sea breeze
Land breeze
monsoon

11. MONSOONS SEASONAL WINDS
Similar to land and sea breeze bit occur over a wider area

12. Philippines
Northeast Monsoon (cold and wet)
Southwest Monsoon (dry)

13. Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences
Global/Planetary Winds
Local Winds
Seasonal Winds- over bigger region (ex-SE Asia)
Sea breeze
Land breeze
monsoon

14. GLOBAL WINDS UNEQUAL HEATING equater vs. poles results in
GLOBAL PATTERN OF AIR
CIRCULATION

17. On Surface Up In Atmosphere Jet Stream
Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences
Up In Atmosphere
Global/Planetary Winds
Local Winds
Seasonal Winds- over bigger region (ex-SE Asia)
On Surface
Trade Winds
Polar Easterlies
Prevailing Westerlies
Sea breeze
Land breeze
monsoon

18. AIR MOVING BACK TO THE EQUATOR FORMING A BELT OF WARM, STEADY WINDS
TRADE WINDS
ON SURFACE:
AIR MOVING BACK TO THE EQUATOR FORMING A BELT OF WARM, STEADY WINDS

19. PREVAILING WESTERLIES
ON SURFACE
40-60 degrees Latitude (West to East)
Strong Winds

20. COLD BUT WEAK WINDS EAST TO WEST
POLAR EASTERLIES
ON SURFACE
COLD BUT WEAK WINDS EAST TO WEST

21. JET STREAMS “rivers of air" 180-350 Km/Hr (speed) IN ATMOSPHERE
(ABOVE 12 KMS)
Km/Hr (speed)

22. On Surface Up In Atmosphere Jet Stream
Earth’s Winds- due to uneven heating  pressure differences
Up In Atmosphere
Global/Planetary Winds
Local Winds
Seasonal Winds- over bigger region (ex-SE Asia)
On Surface
Trade Winds
Polar Easterlies
Prevailing Westerlies
Sea breeze
Land breeze
NO Winds
monsoon
Horse Latitudes
Doldrums

23. CALM/ NO WINDS AT EQUATOR (0 degrees latitude)
DOLDRUMS
ON SURFACE
CALM/ NO WINDS AT EQUATOR (0 degrees latitude)

24. HORSE LATITUDES ON SURFACE 30 degrees North and South of Equator
Warm air cools and sink; clear skies; winds are calm

27. SHIFT IN WIND DIRECTION DUE TO EARTH’S ROTATION
CORIOLIS EFFECT
SHIFT IN WIND DIRECTION DUE TO EARTH’S ROTATION

28. As air moves from high to low pressure:
in north, air deflected right/counterclockwise
in the south, air is deflected left/clockwise

29. hurricanes/typhoons and tornadoes spin COUNTER-CLOCKWISE in NORTH

30. myth Flushing Toilets on the Equator Myth or Real:
Toilets flushed in the northern hemisphere apparently spin to the right, in the southern hemisphere the water spins left -- this is supposedly caused by the Coriolis effect. And on the equator? It's a straight shot down.
myth

31. BREAK TIME
One big/important idea or fact
Stand up
Share with 3 people

32. So how do we get differences in pressure?

33. All factors making Low density & low pressure
1) temp: Warm air is less dense than cool air.
REMEMBER THE OPPOSITE IS ALSO TRUE

34. UNEQUAL HEATING OF AIR DIFFERENCES IN DENSITY
DIFFERENCE IN AIR PRESSURE
EX) HOT temp (LESS dense)=>LOW P
COLD temp (MORE dense)=>HIGH P

35. Air RISES HEAT LESS AIR PRESSURE Air molecules move faster and expand
TEMPERATURE AND AIR PRESSURE
LESS AIR PRESSURE
Air RISES
Air molecules move faster and expand
HEAT
less dense

36. All factors making Low density  low pressure
1) temp: Warm air is less dense than cool air.
2) humidity: Moist air is less dense than dry air.
REMEMBER THE OPPOSITE IS ALSO TRUE

37. More water vapor means less air molecules
Less dense =
LOW AIR PRESSURE
DRY AIR  more dense = HIGH AIR PRESSURE

38. All factors making Low density  low pressure
1) temp: Warm air is less dense than cool air.
2) humidity: Moist airis less dense than dry air.
3) elevation: Air at high altitudes (mountains) is less dense than air at lower altitudes.
REMEMBER THE OPPOSITE IS ALSO TRUE

39. Air at high altitudes is more spread out = less dense
than air at lower altitudes.

40. Measuring Air Pressure
2 Main Types of Barometer
Air Pressure is measured by an instrument called Barometer
Mercury Barometer
Aneroid (spring)

41. Air pressure increases, column of mercury rises
VIDEO: Why use mercury?
Air pressure decreases, column of mercury drops
Video (minute 2):

42. Break time
Think of one fact you learned from the video or what you found interesting
Stand up
Form groups based on the same idea

43. CLOUDS

44. TYPES OF CLOUDS

46. CLOUD FORMATION
1) WATER VAPOR (gas) rising (need heat to cause evaporation)
2) CONDENSATION NUCLEI (smoke, dust, pollution)
3)LOW TEMPERATURE for condensation (liquid) to occur

47. MOISTURE CONDENSES ON SMALL PARTICLES OF DUST/ SOLIDS IN THE AIR

48. CONDENSATION
WATER VAPOR
CHANGES
INTO LIQUID (need cold temp)

49. TEMPERATURE AT WHICH water vapor CONDENSES
DEW POINT
TEMPERATURE AT WHICH water vapor CONDENSES

50. Source: http://www. vivoscuola. it/US/RSIGPP3202/umidita/lezioni/form

51. Air Pressure & Weather

52. Air RISES HEAT LESS AIR PRESSURE Air molecules move faster and expand
TEMPERATURE AND AIR PRESSURE
What happens when air rises?
LESS AIR PRESSURE
Air RISES
Air molecules move faster and expand
HEAT
less dense

53. Low pressure generally means cloudy, rainy weather
Warm air rises, clouds form

54. High pressure generally means fair weather
Warm, moist air cannot rise
=No clouds
Layer of Air

55. Weather map
High Pressure System: Indicates clear, calm conditions with reduced chance of precipitation.
DRY and COLDER air
Low pressure system: Increased cloudiness, winds, higher temperatures, and chance of precipitation.

57. Frost Formation
Cold temperature causes water vapor (gas) to instantly freeze (solid)
Skips liquid phase (never wet)
Salt helped to make colder

59. When condensed water gathers into drops that are heavy enough, precipitation occurs
Source:

60. PRECIPITATION
Cloud droplets
Ice
Snow

61. Hurricanes/Typhoons/Cyclones & Tornadoes

62. Hurricanes/typhoons/cyclones-what’s in a name?
LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION

63. HOW?

65. hurricanes/typhoons and tornadoes spin COUNTER-CLOCKWISE in NORTH

66. http://edition. cnn. com/2011/US/04/28/severe. weather/index. html
Experts: Severe weather across South could set tornado record

67. Including yesterday's storm, there have been a whopping 800 reports of tornadoes in April, easily surpassing April 2003's all-time record of 543 twisters.

68. Song: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iOw6ONcKk4g
Yahoo video clips
Tornadoes
Song: