1. Economic Crisis and Regional Resilience Adrian Healy Cardiff University Regional Resilience and Poverty

2. An uneven geography Where does poverty fit in? What resilience measures can be prepared? The integral role of combatting poverty and social exclusion 2

3. An Uneven Geography 3

4. An uneven geography 4 Unemployment as a visible indicator – widening disparities Long-term unemployment Worklessness Underemployment

5. An uneven geography of resilience 5

6. Where Does Poverty Fit In? 6

7. Evolution of income inequalities (Gini coefficient after social benefits and pensions 2012, Gini growth rate 2008-2012) 7 Higher levels of income inequality are associated with weaker levels of observed resilience

8. Increasing indebtness overall, but some exceptions 8 The weaker your starting position the less likely you are to be resilient

9. What Resilience Measures Can Be Prepared? 9

10. A diverse economic base sectors markets business models Innovation Skills Good governance Long term foundations 10

11. Attributes of: Businesses Populace Community Place Governance Strengthening capacity to adapt 11 Capacity, capability and willingness to act Shaped by actions of others and context Self-organising vs dependent Informed and aware (expectations) Availability of alternative paths Ability to learn

12. Integrating Regional Resilience and Poverty Reduction 12

13. More equal societies tend to be more resilient Not enough to rely on state-led solutions such as income transfers More fundamental poverty reduction strategies: combatting energy poverty (community energy schemes) combatting food poverty (community growing schemes) promoting alternative exchange mechanisms Behavioural and attitudinal changes eg Living Wage campaigns Combatting poverty and social exclusion 13 Living Wage: £9.15 an hour in London and £7.85 an hour in the rest of the UK. Minimum Wage: £6.50 an hour

14. Innate characteristics Choices, behaviour and agency A shared responsibility 14 Multilevel Multiagency Multiactor BusinessPeople PlaceCommunity Governance