1. Ionic and Covalent Bonding

2. What We Know: Valance Electrons
Valance electrons are the electrons in the highest energy level (outermost shell) 1 2 8

3. What We Know: Lewis Dot
Shows the valance electrons available for bonding
All want to be at lowest energy level (full 8 or lose e–)

4. What We Know: Bonding
Atoms bond with other atoms by transferring or sharing electrons.

5. Are We Comfortable?
Fist to five, how comfortable are you with the two topics I have just shown:
Valance Electrons
Lewis Dot

6. Adding a New Terms
Electronegativity: the measure of an atom’s ability to attract electrons to itself (In other words: how badly an atom want’s to “hug” or “keep” it’s electrons)

7. Adding New Terms
Electron Affinity: the measure of an atom’s ability to attract extra electrons (In other words, how badly an atom “wants” another electron)

8. Adding New Terms
Ion: an atom whose total number of electrons does not equal the total number of protons (In other words, it has more or less electrons than it should have)
This mostly happens when a chemical reaction(breaking and forming of bonds) occurs

9. Let’s Look At An Example:Cl
Low electronegativity
High electronegativity
Low electron affinity
High electron affinity
Potassium wants to LOSE and Chlorine wants to GAIN

10. Let’s Look At An Example:Cl
Low electronegativity
High electronegativity
Low electron affinity
High electron affinity
Potassium wants to LOSE and Chlorine wants to GAIN

11. Let’s Look At An Example:– + K Cl
Becomes a positive ion (because lost a negatively charged electron)
Becomes a negative ion (because gained a negatively charged electron)

12. Let’s Look At An Example:Cl K + –

13. Ionic Bonds
Ionic Bond: when one atom TRANSFERS it’s electrons to another atom (an uneven “sharing” of electrons) Cl K + – O H

14. Ionic Bonds
Ionic Bond: when one atom TRANSFERS it’s electrons to another atom (an uneven “sharing” of electrons)
Occurs between metals and non-metals
Creates an ionic compound Cl K + – O H

15. You Try!
Draw the Lewis Dot Structure for each of the following ionic bonds.
Then label which has a high electronegativity (and which has a low), and which has a high electron affinity (and which has a low).
Then draw the ionic compound, labeling which atom is becomes a negative ion, and which becomes a positive ion when they bond
Li + F K + Br Na + I
----- Meeting Notes (9/30/14 13:40) -----
Did one for the class, then had them do the last two on their own. Reviewed answers after.

16. Adding New Terms Covalent Bonds: when atoms share electrons (evenly)
This occurs when non-metals and non-metals bond
Creates covalent compounds

17. Let’s Look At An Example:F F
High electronegativity
High electronegativity
High electron affinity
High electron affinity
Both Fluorine’s want to GAIN
They EQUALLY want that electron…so they SHARE

18. Let’s Look At An ExampleF

19. You Try! N + N Na + Br Mg + O C + O + O (CO2)
Determine which of the following will create ionic bonds and which will create covalent bonds – JUST BY LOOKING AT THEIR PLACE ON THE PERIODIC TABLE:
N + N
Na + Br
Mg + O
C + O + O (CO2)

20. You Try! N + N Na + Br Mg + O C + O + O (CO2) Covalent Ionic Ionic
Determine which of the following will create ionic bonds and which will create covalent bonds – JUST BY LOOKING AT THEIR PLACE ON THE PERIODIC TABLE:
N + N
Na + Br
Mg + O
C + O + O (CO2)
Covalent
Ionic
Ionic
Covalent

21. VIDEO TIME!

22. VIDEO TIME!