1. Thunderstorms & Tornadoes Chapter 10 Meteorology 1010 Professor Bunds Utah Valley University

2. Thunderstorm Types Air Mass –Occur within mT air –Uneven heating of the ground creates unstable air (therefore common in afternoon) –Usually isolated storms & usually do not produce strong winds, hail Severe –Involve uneven heating and lifting of warm air by front or mountains –Usually occur in bands or groups –Can produce strong winds, hail, tornadoes

3. Average Number of Days per Year with Thunderstorms Lots of air mass T-storms

4. Stages of Air Mass Thunderstorm Development

5. Cumulus Clouds – potential initiation of air mass T-storms

6. Developing Cumulonimbus

7. Gust Front in Severe Thunderstorm

8. Roll Cloud in Severe Thunderstorm

10. Conditions for a Thunderstorm

11. Dryline

12. Squall Line line of thunderstorms ahead of a cold front

13. Lightning!

14. Stages of a Lightning Strike

20. Tornadoes! Damage Path from a Tornado

21. Supercell

23. Development of a Tornado from a Mesocyclone

27. Multi-Vortex

28. Average Tornadoes per Year per 10,000 mi 2 area

31. Fujita Intensity Scale

32. Number of Tornadoes-blue Amount of Damage-red

33. Paths of Tornadoes

37. Tornado Forecasting Watch-Conditions are Right Warning-Tornado has been Spotted!

38. Doppler Radar

39. Doppler Effect

41. Tornado Outbreak April 14 – 16, 2011 62 Tornados Saturday Night Alone 200 in 3 Days Multiple vortex systems www.Tornadovideos.net

42. Greensboro, N.C. Charleston S.C. Morehead, N.C. Locations of Soundings in Following Slides

43. Morehead North Carolina 04/17/2011 00 UTC

44. Charleston South Carolina 04/17/2011 00 UTC

45. Greensboro Carolina 04/17/2011 00 UTC