1. After WWII, the U.S. is led by T.R.U.M.A.N. Chapter 9: Truman Defends the Free World

2. T.  The Truman Doctrine stated that the U.S. would help any free people fighting a communist takeover  Under this doctrine, “containment” was the policy of halting any further spread of communism Truman Doctrine Chapter 9: Truman Defends the Free World

3. R.  In June 1948, Stalin blockades roads and railways that lead into the U.S., British, and French sectors of W. Berlin  Truman decides to stay in W. Berlin but supply it by air  This became known as the Berlin Airlift and lasts until May 1949, when Stalin reopens access Relieves W. Berlin Chapter 9: Truman Defends the Free World

4. U.  With Soviet support, North Korean communists invade South Korea in 1950  Truman will not allow the spread of communism and puts together allied force under the umbrella of the United Nations U.N. into Korea Chapter 9: Truman Defends the Free World

5. M.  Names after U.S. General and Secretary of State George Marshall  The Marshall plan sent billions of dollars in aid to Western Europe to rebuild it after World War II  Fear of communism was a key reason for the plan Marshall Plan Chapter 9: Truman Defends the Free World

6. A.  Truman became an advocate of civil rights for African- Americans  On July 26, 1948, President Truman signed Executive Order 9981 ending segregation in the armed forces  His position on civil rights angered Southern Democrats, who formed the third party “Dixiecrats” Advances civil rights Chapter 9: Truman Defends the Free World

7. N.  To oppose Soviet threats, Truman formed the defensive alliance known as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization  Member nations included most of Western Europe, the U.S., and Canada  If one member was attacked, then all members would respond NATO alliance Chapter 9: Truman Defends the Free World