1. Off-Highway Recreational Vehicle Workshop 12/18/2012

2. Outline Proposed Regulation –Compliance Dates –Performance Standards –Credits –Labeling –Tampering Proposed Test Procedure –Tip Tests –Evaporative Tests Costs Request –Example Form Inventory Update Dec. 18, 20122

3. Proposed Regulation Compliance Dates Evaporative Emissions Performance Standards Small-Volume Manufacturer Design Standard Advanced Fuel System Emission Credits Emissions Label Tamper Resistance Educational Tampering Statement Dec. 18, 20123

4. Proposed Regulation Compliance Dates [§ 2418(b)(2)] 2018 and subsequent model year vehicles are required to meet OHRV evaporative standards Vehicle phase-in: 33% of manufacturers total projected CA sales, per model year –Full implementation is expected by 2020 but can be delayed to 2021, if: Performance standards are met by 67% of vehicles by 2018, or the small volume design standard is met by 75% by 2018. Dec. 18, 20124

5. Proposed Regulation Evaporative Emissions Performance Standards [§ 2418(b)(1)(B)] Dec. 18, 2012 1) Highest 24 hour result in a 3 day period, not to exceed 1 g TOG. 5

6. Proposed Regulation Small-Volume Manufacturer Design Standard [§ 2418(c)(1)] An OHRV manufacturer with 50 or less CA vehicles sales per year (during previous 3 model years) may certify to design-based standards: –Fuel hose permeation: 5.0 g/m 2 /day @ 35°C (95°F) –Fuel tank permeation: 1.5 g/m 2 /day @ 28°C –Carbon Canister Working Capacity: 1.0 g/l of nominal fuel tank volume –Vehicles are required to have fuel injection Dec. 18, 20126

7. Proposed Regulation Advanced Fuel System Emission Credits [§ 2418(f)] Credits are awarded to OHRV manufacturers that produce low emission vehicles Credits are averaged in for each test (e.g. HS, RL, Diurnal) Credit is 75% of the difference between the certified standard and the performance standard. Dec. 18, 20127

8. Proposed Regulation Emissions Label [§ 2419.1] OHRVs must have a combined exhaust label [§ 2413 ] and evaporative label that must be: –permanently affixed to vehicle –readily visible, except if placed under a removable vehicle seat Dec. 18, 20128

9. Proposed Regulation Tamper Resistance [§ 2419.5(e)(2)] An ARB study found that up to ~1/3 of OHRV’s are tampered Vehicles must be designed as tamper resistant, which includes: –Design of fuel and vapor line connectors –Use of tamper resistant fasteners made for use with special tools –Placement of emission components (i.e. carbon canister) Dec. 18, 20129

10. Proposed Regulation Educational Tampering Statement [§ 2419.5(e)(6)] Manufacturers must attach a vehicle tag to new OHRV, educating owners of tampering laws Dec. 18, 2012 Tag is to be removed by the end purchaser, and fastened in a way that is destroyed upon removal 10

11. Proposed Regulation Questions? Dec. 18, 201211

12. Proposed Test Procedures Preconditioning Tip Test Running Loss Test Hot Soak Test Diurnal Test Dec. 18, 201212

13. Conduct durability testing as required on carbon canister, PV valve, tank, cables and linkages, etc. (§ 4) Bench age carbon canister as needed (§ 3.6) Soak fuel system for 140 days or until permeation has reached steady state (§ 5.1) Precondition carbon canister (§ 5.2) Dec. 18, 2012 Proposed Test Procedures Preconditioning 13

14. Liquid fuel leak – 50% full ( § 6.1) –Front to back +/- 30° for off-road motorcycles +/- 30° for ATVs –Side to side +/- 30° for off-road motorcycles +/- 15° for ATVs Carbon canister contamination* – 100% full ( § 6.2) –Front to back +/- 30° for off-road motorcycles +/- 30° for ATVs –Side to side +/- 90° for off-road motorcycles +/- 15° for ATVs *canister weight gain must be less than 10% of BWC Dec. 18, 2012 Proposed Test Procedures Tip Test 14

15. Must follow preconditioning and Tip Test Drain/fill to 50% Pre-test UDDS* cycle (§ 6.3.1) Soak for 6-36 hours at running loss test temperate Running Loss Test consists of a single UDDS* cycle (§ 6.4.2) –Emissions can be measured in a “SHED” or using the “point source” measurement method *Alternative PIP cycle is allowed Dec. 18, 2012 Proposed Test Procedures Running Loss Test 15

16. Hot Soak Test must start within 7 minutes (4 minutes of engine-off time) of completion of Running Loss Test (§ 6.4) Constant temperature soak at test temperature for 90 minutes Dec. 18, 2012 Proposed Test Procedures Hot Soak Test 16

17. Diurnal Test starts immediately following Hot Soak test (§6.5) Soak for 6-36 hours at beginning test temperature (~72°F) Conduct 3 repeat 24-hour diurnal profiles following the U.S. EPA profile (~72°F- 96°F-72°F) - Dec. 18, 2012 Proposed Test Procedures Diurnal Test 17

18. Proposed Test Procedure Questions? Dec. 18, 201218

19. Request for Cost Information Currently drafting cost survey to evaluate economic impact for the proposed regulation and determine the cost for required emission controls Request –Estimate increased manufacturing costs to comply with the proposed evaporative emissions standards –Estimate increased costs for testing and certification Deadline: 1/30/2013 Dec. 18, 201219

20. Dec. 18, 201220

21. Emissions Inventory Update Updating Recreational Vehicle Emissions DRAFT statewide Recreational Vehicle Emissions Findings from Draft Inventory Completing the Inventory Dec. 18, 201221

22. Updating Recreational Vehicle Emissions Comprehensive Re-Evaluation of Model and Inputs –Updated population from ten years of DMV data (2001-2010) –Updated activity from surveys –Updated emission factors from testing and certification data –New forecast based on economic and demographic data –Reprogrammed modeling platform Current Status –Emissions are lower than previously forecast –Draft inventory is currently being updated –Rule scenarios are not yet completed 22 Dec. 18, 201222

23. Dec. 18, 2012 23

24. Findings from Draft Inventory Huge decline in new OHRV vehicle sales resulting from the recession; extent of future rebound is uncertain More vehicles have four-stroke engines than previously estimated (have lower emissions than two-stroke) Vehicles last longer than previously estimated Survey shows lower activity that declines with age more than previously estimated Emission factors still being evaluated Dec. 18, 201224

25. Completing the Inventory Updating population with the latest DMV data Updating emission forecast with latest economic forecasting information Updating emission factors with latest testing data and analysis Assessing rule scenario Will present more detailed analysis and updated inventory at future meetings Will provide complete model inputs, documentation and source code publicly Dec. 18, 201225

26. Emissions Inventory Update Questions? Dec. 18, 201226

27. Timeline Request for comments: March 1, 2013 Inventory meeting: March, 2013 1085 data available: May, 2013 Publish Reg. documents: May, 2013 Board hearing: July, 2013 Dec. 18, 201227

28. Contacts For Questions Concerning Evaporative Emissions –Pippin Mader Project Lead, Evaporative Control, Engineering, and Regulatory Development Section –(916) 322-8930,pmader@arb.ca.gov –Jim Watson Manager, Evaporative Control, Engineering, and Regulatory Development Section –(916) 327-1282,jwatson@arb.ca.gov For Questions Concerning OHRV Certification –Steven Hada Staff APS, On-Road Light Duty Certification Section –(626) 575-6641,shada@arb.ca.gov –Duc Nguyen Manager, On-Road Light Duty Certification Section –(626) 575-6844dnguyen@arb.ca.gov For Questions Concerning OHRV Emissions Inventory –David Chou Manager, Off-Road Modeling and Assessment Section –(626) 450-6136,cchou@arb.ca.gov Dec. 18, 201228