1. Reform, Resistance, Revolution Chapter 5

2. Pontiac’s War King’s Proclamation (1763) Pontiac’s War (1763) - Indians were united - small-pox blankets

3. Ottawa Chief Pontiac accepted the English as his brothers with the understanding that the English did not own the land, but were merely leasing it. The English went along with this provision, but with no intention of keeping to it peace in 1764

4. Pontiac’s Assassination, April 20, 1769 Whether it was jealousy of his favor with the English or just a desire to destroy the power of a legendary warrior, Pontiac was murdered in 1769

5. Reform & taxation of the colonies  Seven Years War bankrupted England Parliament passes Sugar Act of 1764 Quartering act of 1765

6. The Controversial Stamp Act Army costs & Indian gifts Stamp Act of 1765 - all legal documents & papers void unless officially stamped - affects all colonists - taxation without representation - British rule w/out consent

7. Resistance to the Stamp Act Newspapers & Legislatures Sons of liberty no one used stamps - united colonist

8. Repeal of Stamp Act Franklin urges Parliament Repeal of tax - detrimental to England’s commerce

9. Townshend Act of 1767 Imposed new duties on certain imports from Britain: tea, paper, glass, paint etc

10. Strategies of resistance  Boston Gazette called for nonimportation  Sons of Liberty  British send 1,000 troops to Boston

11. The Boston Massacre  soldiers & civilians collide  Sons of Liberty - 11-yr old boy dies (1770)  tensions reach climax  Colonists & Soldiers clash - 5 civilians killed - guards stand trial

12.  Nonimportation success  1770-73- calm relations Britain repels Townsend duties, 1769 (except tea)

13. Tea Tax of 1773 East India Company Tea Act would save East India com. - eliminated all taxes on tea except the three pence Townsend tax - British tea would be cheapest

14. Boston Tea Party Resistant to Tea act mounts tax & monopoly Sons of liberty - dump tea in Harbor (1773)

15. Coercive acts Parliament’s Coercive acts “Intolerable Acts” With Mass under military control, the stage was set for armed resistance

16. Battles of Lexington & Concord Colonial supplies at Concord Gage sends troops (04/1775) Massachusetts Minutemen Paul Revere meet troops at Lexington

17. Battles of Lexington & Concord

18. British picked off on return (275 casualties) Charges of British tyranny spread What was important about the battles of Lexington & Concord?

19. 1 st Continental Congress response to the Coercive Acts (1774) 1 st congress- Sept 1774 - endorsed nonimportation - petitioned king not parliament - agreed to meet again

20. Continental Congress 2 nd Continental Congress- May 1775 - formed continental army - no longer see themselves as Englishmen - declared independence Was the congress a gov’t?

21. Struggle for middle colony loyalties By 1776, many favored independence Royal gov’ts Thomas Paine’s Common Sense - What did Pain’s pamphlet urged Americans to do? - “there is something absurd in supposing a continent to be governed by an island”

22. Independence Taxation without representation England was waging war against colonists Self defense demanded a permanent separation

23. July 4, 1776 2 nd Continental Congress approves Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence (A-1)

24. Betsy Ross, 1776