1. Ch. 5, Sec. 3 A Call To Arms Objectives:
Know what happened at the Continental Congress in Philadelphia.
Be familiar with how the colonists met British soldiers in the first battle.

2. The Continental Congress
September 1774—Group of 55 prominent colonial leaders met in __________.
Called the Continental Congress
Purpose: Establish a political group that would fight for American interests and challenge British rule.
Major figures in attendance:
Massachusetts: Samuel Adams & John Adams
New York: John Jay
Virginia: Richard Henry Lee, Patrick Henry & ____________.
Decisions of the Congress
Drafted a statement of grievances
Called for the repeal of 13 Acts of Parliament.
Voted to boycott all ________ goods and trade.

3. Delegates from 12 colonies (all except Georgia) met to discuss the situation with Britain in the fall of 1774.
They met at Carpenters’ Hall in Philadelphia in what became known as the “First Continental Congress” to convince Parliament to repeal the Intolerable Acts.
Delegates included John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Adams, George Washington, Richard Henry Lee, and John Jay.
Carpenters Hall

4. Decisions of the Congress
Drafted a statement of grievances:
Called for the repeal of 13 Acts of Parliament.
Voted to boycott all British goods and trade.
Passed a resolution to form ________, so colonies would have their own armed forces.
Militia--_______________________________.

5. The First Battles
Colonists expected fighting to break out in New England.
Massachusetts militia held frequent training sessions, made bullets & stockpiled rifles.
Some companies used minutemen.
Minutemen--____________________________________.
The British prepared for battle:
British General Sir Thomas ______ had 3,000 soldiers in & around Boston.
April 1775—had orders to take away weapons of Massachusetts militia and arrest their leaders.
Gage learned militia had strong arms in ________.
Ordered 700 troops under Lt.-Colonel Francis Smith to march 20 miles northwest of Boston to Concord.

6. The Minutemen Based on English militia model
All males over age 16 were required to join militia. Minutemen were selected from colonial militia rosters
The average age was about 25 years old, and many were veterans of the French and Indian War

7. Alerting the Colonists
April 18, 1775—Dr. Joe Warren saw British regiment form ranks and march out of Boston.
He alerted __________ & William Dawes.
Revere & Dawes rode to Lexington to warn Sam Adams & John Hancock that British were coming.
Revere shouted, “The regulars are out!” to people and houses along the way.
Upon finding out, Adams replied, “What a glorious morning this is!”
Pg. 143 for Revere’s route.

8. “One if by land, two if by sea”
Many of the leaders of the rebel movement, known as the “Patriots”, fled Boston to avoid arrest by the British. Those who stayed devised a plan to alert those who remained of a British advance: one lantern in the steeple of the Old North Church, two if from the Charles River.

9. Only Prescott was able to make it to Concord
The riders
Only Prescott was able to make it to Concord
Dawes took the longer “by land” route across the isthmus of Massachusetts and was able to elude capture by British forces and warned militia at several locations along the route the British traveled to Lexington and Concord. Dawes was thrown from his horse and was captured.
Revere was captured, but lied to the British about colonial troop strength, and was eventually released to return to Boston on a poorly rested horse.

10. Fighting @ Lexington & Concord
Redcoats approached Lexington at dawn.
Were encountered by about 70 minutemen.
Captain John Parker led m-men.
Shot was fired & both sides started shooting.
8 minutemen died.
Redcoats continued to ________.
Found out most of militia’s gunpowder had been removed, so they destroyed rest of supplies.
At Concord’s __________, m-men were waiting for them.
Farmers, blacksmiths, & many others lined the road from Concord to Boston, hiding behind trees, rocks, & stone fences..
Militia was successful in driving British back to _______.
Over 200 British wounded & 73 dead!
50 militia died.
“Shot heard ‘round the world.”

11. “The shot heard round the world”
Lexington and Concord
April 19, 1775
“The shot heard round the world”

12. More Military Action
Shortly after Lex. & Concord, _____________, a captain of Conn. militia raised 400 troops to seize Ft. Ticonderoga.
Strategically located & rich in military supplies.
Learned that Ethan Allen was also planning an attack.
They joined forces and became known as the ___________________.
Caught British by surprise and garrison surrendered.
After Lex. & Concord, committees of correspondence built militia up to 20,000 from enlisting volunteers.

13. Battle of Bunker Hill
June 16, 1775—about 1200 militia under command from Colonel William Prescott set up at ___________ and nearby ___________ across harbor from Boston.
British wanted to drive them from the strategic location.
bottom of Breed’s Hill & charged up it.
Militia was low on __________.
Prescott shouted, “Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes!”
Americans opened fire—British retreated.
Redcoats charged 2 more times.
Militia ran out of gunpowder and had to withdraw.
British won Battle of Bunker Hill, but suffered ______ dead and wounded!
British quickly learned defeating Americans would not be easy.

14. Choosing Sides Loyalists--_______________________
_______________________________.
Patriots--_________________________