1. The Spirit of Independence
Lesson 1
No Taxation Without Representation

2. Objectives Explain the Proclamation of 1763.
Analyze why Britain began to enact harsher trade laws and taxes.
Understand cause and effect relationships as they relate to reaction of the colonists.
Indentify those individuals and groups that began to rebel against British policy.

3. Vocabulary Revenue – incoming money from taxes or other sources
Writ of assistance – court document allowing customs officers to enter any location to search for smuggled goods
Resolution – an official expression of opinion by a group
Effigy – a mocking figure representing an unpopular individual
Boycott – to refuse to buy items in order to show disapproval or force acceptance of one’s terms
Repeal – to cancel an act or law

4. Proclamation of 1763 King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763
It prohibited colonists from living west of the Appalachian Mountains, on native American land
Kept peace between colonists and Native Americans
Britain now controlled the fur trade in North America
King George III sent 10,000 troops to the colonies to enforce the Proclamation of 1763

5. Enforcing Trade Laws
The king and Parliament felt the colonists should pay for part of the French and Indian War
Britain began issuing new taxes on the colonies
To avoid paying the taxes, colonists began smuggling which led to British revenues to fall

6. The Sugar Act 1764
Lowered the tax on molasses the colonists imported hoping they would stop smuggling
Also allowed officers to seize goods from accused smugglers without going to court
Angered colonists; felt it violated their rights
Under British rule they had a right to a trial by jury and were considered innocent until proven guilty
"Smugglin' Sugar“

7. Stamp Act of 1765 Taxed almost all printed materials
Newspapers, wills, and even playing cards needed a stamp to show that the tax had been paid
Colonists were outraged; began to boycott British goods
British lost so much money and colonists demanded they repeal the Stamp Act

8. The Townshend Acts 1767
The Stamp Act taught the British the colonists would resist paying Britain internal taxes
Townshend Acts taxed imported goods such as glass, tea, and paper
The tax was paid before it was brought into the colonies
Any tax angered the colonists; more protests continued

9. Review 1. Explain the Proclamation of 1763.
2. How are the Stamp Act and Sugar Act similar? How are they different?
3. Why do you think Samuel Adams and others formed the “Sons of Liberty” instead of just acting alone to express their anger at the British policies?
4. How was the Townshend Act different from the Stamp Act and Sugar Act?

10. Close and Reflect
Which changes in British policy would have angered you the most if you had lived in the colonies at that time?