2. CONTESTING HISTORY OPPOSING VOICES 9: Two Traditions? Parnell and the Fenians

3. Two Traditions? Parnell and the Fenians Constitutional Nationalism: 1782: Legislative Independence 1800: Act of Union 1824: Catholic Association - Daniel O’Connell 1829: Catholic Emancipation 1830s-1840s: Repeal Movement - 1840: Loyal National Repeal Movement 1842-3: Monster Meetings 1870: Home Government Association - Isaac Butt 1870: Home Government Association - Isaac Butt 1873: Home Rule League 1873: Home Rule League 1879-82: The Land War – Michael three ‘Fs’ 1879-82: The Land War – Michael Davitt - three ‘Fs’ Land League - 1879: The New Departure and the Land League - Davitt, C. S. Parnell and John Devoy 1880s: Parnell leads the Irish Parliamentary Party 1880s: Parnell leads the Irish Parliamentary Party 1886: First Home Rule Bill; 1893: Second Bill; 1912: Third Bill 1886: First Home Rule Bill; 1893: Second Bill; 1912: Third Bill

4. Two Traditions? Parnell and the Fenians Physical Force Nationalism: 1798: Rebellion – legacy of America, France and United Irishmen 1803: Robert Emmet Rising 1842: Young Ireland Movement centred on the Nation Newspaper 1848: Young Ireland Rebellion – European context 1850s: Growing revolutionary zeal among Irish in America 1858: James Stephens establishes revolutionary secret society in Dublin – ‘The Brotherhood’ - ‘Fenian’ applied to American Branch 1865: Government swoop on Fenian leaders 1867: Fenian Rising – ‘Manchester Martyrs’ 1866, 1867 and 1871: failed interventions in Canada 1873: Irish Republican Brotherhood acquired a formal constitution 1873: Irish Republican Brotherhood acquired a formal constitution 1879: The New Departure – John Devoy 1880s: bombing outrages in England - revival of fortunes did not occur until the first decade of 20 th century

5. Two Traditions? Parnell and the Fenians Further Reading: Boyce, D. G., Nineteenth-Century Ireland: The Search for Stability (1990). Garvin, Tom, The Evolution of Irish Nationalist Politics (1981; 2005). Garvin, Tom, Nationalist Revolutionaries in Ireland 1858- 1928 (1987; 2005). Kee, Robert, The Green Flag: A History of Irish Nationalism (1972). Lyons, F. S. L., Charles Stewart Parnell (1977).