1. SOUTHERN COLONIES 13 Colonies  Plantation system and slaves  Fertile soil and long growing season  Cash crops – rice tobacco- indigo

2. MIDDLE COLONIES 13 Colonies  Great harbors  Good soil for farming  Livestock

3. NEW ENGLAND COLONIES 13 Colonies  Rocky soil  Long winters  Along Atlantic Ocean  Fishing  Trade  Ship Building

4. 5 SOUTHERN COLONIES Virginia 1607 Maryland 1634 North Carolina 1653 South Carolina 1663 Georgia 1732 13 Colonies

5. 4 MIDDLE COLONIES 13 Colonies Delaware 1638 New Jersey 1664 New York 1664 Pennsylvania 1682

6. 4 NEW ENGLAND COLONIES Massachusetts 1620 New Hampshire1623 Connecticut1635 Rhode Island1636 13 Colonies

7. PILGRIMS “Separatists” who felt problems from the Church of England were too severe and left for the new world to form their own church. 13 Colonies

8. QUAKERS Religious group known for peaceful nature and treating Indians fairly. William Penn established Pennsylvania for the Quakers 13 Colonies

9. Mayflower Compact (1620) 13 Colonies Social contract signed by men aboard the Mayflower to govern their colony. It established the idea of self-government and majority rule.

10. The first assembly of elected representatives of English colonists in North America. 13 Colonies Virginia House of Burgesses

11. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 13 Colonies This document was the first written constitution in the colonies established by the Puritan community in Connecticut.

12. Puritans Early Europe Puritans wanted to fix or purify the issues of the Church of England

13. EARLY EUROPE Protestant Reformation The movement that divided Christians into Catholic and Protestant because of supposed corruption in the Catholic church.

14. Proclamation of 1763 EARLY EUROPE The King’s order that prohibited the colonists from establishing settlements west of the Appalachian Mountains.

15. EARLY EUROPE Martin Luther German monk who wrote 95 reasons the Catholics Church was corrupt, causing the Reformation.

16. EARLY EUROPE King John I of England was forced to sign a charter giving people certain rights and limiting his own rights

17. 1607 In this year, the first permanent English settlement in North America was established in Jamestown. DATES

18. 1620 Pilgrims establish Plymouth Rock DATES

19. The Treaty that officially ended the French and Indian war. 1763 Treaty of Paris

20. Declaration of Independence 1776 DATES The Treaty that officially ended the French and Indian war.

21. DATES American Revolutionary War 1775-1781 Colonists fight for independence from England.

22. 1787 DATES This was the year that the U.S. Constitution was accepted as the official plan for our nations government.

23. 1803 DATES The United States buys the Louisiana Territory for $15 million from France doubling the size of the nation.

24. EVENTS LEADING TO THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION --- William and Mary brought about a change of leadership in England by overthrowing King James II

25. DATES 1861-1865 Also known as the War Between the States, the United States was divided over the issues of states rights, trade and tariffs, and slavery. THE CIVIL WAR

26. EVENTS LEADING TO THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION English Bill of Rights An agreement that William and Mary had to sign before taking the throne, to respect the rights of the English people.

27. EVENTS LEADING TO THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION Enlightenment An intellectual movement stressing science and reason- appealed to mostly wealthy.

28. EVENTS LEADING TO THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION Ben Franklin A well known “Enlightenment” thinker who had an idea to unite the colonies. Known for creating the Albany Plan of Union

29. The 1 st formal proposal to unite the colonies. (Ben Franklin’s idea) The Albany Plan EVENTS LEADING TO THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

30. John Locke Enlightenment thinker argued that people have natural rights.

31. EVENTS LEADING TO THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION The Great Awakening Emotional religious conversions from a state of sin to a "new birth" given through dramatic and powerful preaching. It was a new effort to reach out to Native Americans and African- Americans.

32. AMERICAN REVOLUTION Lexington/Concord April 1775 The 1 st battle of the American Revolution before the Declaration of Independence was created.

33. AMERICAN REVOLUTION Paul Revere He warned the colonists at the start of the Revolutionary War that “the British are coming”.

34. AMERICAN REVOLUTION Lexington, Massachusetts The British were going to arrest Sam Adams and John Hancock; It was the “shot heard around the world.”

35. AMERICAN REVOLUTION The British were going to Concord to destroy supplies at the arsenal. Concord, Massachusetts

36. Sons of Liberty PEOPLE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION A secret society of colonists who wanted freedom from Britain.

37. PEOPLE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION Common Sense “ These are the times that try men’s soul.” A revolutionary pamphlet written in 1776 by Thomas Paine supporting American Independence.

38. Patrick Henry “Give me liberty or give me death.” One of the most famous of the Sons of Liberty. PEOPLE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

39. Thomas Jefferson The 3 rd President of the United States He wrote the Declaration of Independence & purchased the Louisiana Territory from France. PEOPLE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

40. George Washington The 1 st President of the United States He was the Commander of the Continental Army

41. PEOPLE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION Samuel Adams Leader of the Sons of Liberty and also helped plan the Boston Tea Party.

42. GOVERNMENT Articles of Confederation The first Constitution of the United States which specified how the Federal government was to operate.

43. GOVERNMENT NORTHWEST ORDINANCE A plan for the orderly expansion of the United States (How to become a territory, a state.)

44. THE CONSTITUTION PREAMBLE Introduction to the Constitution – It tells what the founding fathers set out to do. We the people, In order to form a more perfect union, Establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, Provide for the common defense, Promote the general welfare and Secure the blessings of liberty To ourselves and our posterity Do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

45. THE CONSTITUTION Congress THE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS ARE: The House of Representatives – based on population of the state represented The Senate – 2 senators from each state/equality.

46. THE CONSTITUTION LEGISLATIVE BRANCH Branch of government that makes the laws ---- Otherwise known as CONGRESS

47. THE CONSTITUTION EXECUTIVE BRANCH Branch of government that carries out the laws- --- The President and Cabinet

48. THE CONSTITUTION JUDICIAL BRANCH Branch of government interprets the laws ******* The Supreme Court

49. THE CONSTITUTION CHECKS AND BALANCES The ability of each branch of government to limit the power of the other two.

50. THE CONSTITUTION BILL OF RIGHTS The 1 st Ten Amendments to the Constitution The 1 st Ten Amendments to the Constitution that guarantee every citizen certain fundamental rights that the government should NOT be able to take away.

51. REPUBLIC A representative democracy – You elect people to represent you in government. GOVERNMENT

52. CIVIL WAR ABRAHAM LINCOLN President of the United States during the Civil War.

53. CIVIL WAR STATES RIGHTS At the time of the Civil War, the South believed the States had more power than the Federal Government.

54. CIVIL WAR EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION Statement made by President Abraham Lincoln that freed the slaves in the Confederate States.

55. CIVIL WAR BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG JULY 1-3, 1863 The bloodiest battle of the Civil War and was fought over 3 days.

56. CIVIL WAR BATTLE OF VICKSBURG Gave the North complete control over the Mississippi River thus cutting the South in two.

57. CIVIL WAR ANTIETAM (Battle at Sharpsburg) The bloodiest day in American History – 51,112 casualties September 17, 1862

58. CIVIL WAR Ft. Sumter April 12-13, 1861 The Confederate forces fire the first shot of the Civil War upon Union forces at Ft. Sumter, South Carolina.

59. CIVIL WAR CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA (The Southern States) The name given to the 11 states that withdrew from the Union and formed their own nation.

60. CIVIL WAR The Union (Northern States) The name given to the 20 free states and 5 border states that remained and gave support to the federal government.