1. CHURCH HISTORY II Lesson 21 Enlightenment & Romanticism “We are all born in the enlightenment and bred in romanticism” ‘ The Great Divide’

2. Voltaire 1694-1778 Diderot 1713-1784 Jefferson 1743-1826 “The smile of Reason” Sir Kenneth Clark I. ENLIGHTENMENT “a self conscience break with traditional values and authority, producing a new intellectual climate in which reason was enthroned” Dr. Frank James

3. A. The Promise of Science Isaac Newton 1642-1727 “Nature and natures laws lay hid in night; God said, ‘Let Newton be’ and all was light” Alexander Pope Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia MathematicaPhilosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, For the past three hundred years the umbrella civilization of Western man has been modern paganism, or secular humanism…It is probably the most creative, the most liberated, the wealthiest, most dehumanizing, and most murderous civilization in the history of our species” Chaim Potok, Wanderings

4. B. The Progress of Philosophy 1. Rationalism of Descartes Rene Descartes 1596- 1650 “like a spider, producing cob- webs from his own mind” Lord Bacon Methodical Doubt

5. 2. Empiricism of John Locke Not Thinker but Investigator Both arrived at the same conclusion: The Growing Autonomy of Human Reason The Reasonableness of Christianity 1632-1704 CENTRALITY OF MORALITY Tyndale “Christianity as Old As Creation” Jefferson “The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth”

6. DEISM Lord Sidney Herbert of Cherbourgh (1583-1648) John Toland (1670-1722) Christianity Not Mysterious God Exists God is nice We are too! David Hume “the frown of reason”

7. II. ROMANTICISM Rousseau 1712-1778 “I feel, therefore I am” ROMANTIC CREED 1. Importance of feelings 2. Sanctity of Nature 3. The role of the artist “The artist stands on mankind like a statue on its pedestal….Only an artist can divine the meaning of life” Novalis

8. Religion within the limits of reason Kant (1724-1804) Inner religion-absolute dependence Schleiermacher (1768-1834) SUBJECTIVE THEOLOGY How I feel/think/believe

9. Transcendentalism of Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) “Obey Thyself” Faces along the bar Cling to their average day: The lights must never go out, The music must always play, All the conventions conspire To make this fort assume The furniture of home; Lest we should see where we are, Lost in a haunted wood, Children afraid of the night Who have never been happy or good. WH AUDEN September 1,1939

10. “Go to the eighteenth century…Read the stories of the great tides and movements of the Spirit experienced in that century. For a preacher, it is absolutely invaluable” Lloyd-Jones, Preachers and Preaching, p 118 “The world begins to feel a warmth from the fire of God which thus flames in the heart of Germany”Cotton Mather, 1715

11. Did You Know "For I the Lord do not change; therefore you, O children of Jacob, are not consumed." (Malachi 3:6) "Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever." (Hebrews 13:8) "The grass withers, the flower fades, but the word of our God will stand forever." (Isaiah 40:8) "But the word of the Lord remains forever. And this word is the good news that was preached to you" (1 Peter 1:25 ).