2. Pinyin Foundation (2) Pinyin Foundation (2) 拼音基础

3. Vowels and Simple Finals There are six vowels in the Pinyin system which can be used in simple finals, compound finals, and nasal finals: a o e i u ü

4. Pinyin Vowel: a The letter a is pronounced like the “a” in English “father.” For example: ba ma pa

5. Pinyin Vowel: o The letter o is pronounced like the “o” in English “more.” For example: bo po mo

6. Pinyin Vowel: e The letter e sounds very similar to the “u” in English “bud.” For example: de ke ne Sometimes it also sounds like the “e” in English “bed.” For example: ye xue

7. Pinyin Vowel: i The letter i is pronounced like the “ee” in English “bee.” (except after the initials: z c s, zh ch sh r, details later.) For example: mi pi li

8. Pinyin Vowel: u The letter u is pronounced like the “ue” in “true” or “oe” in “shoe” in English. For example: gu ku lu

9. Pinyin Vowel: ü The letter ü is pronounced like the [u] in French “tu.” For example: lü nü

10. 21 Initials Unaspira -ted AspiratedNasalFricativeVoiced Labial bpmf Alveolar dtnl Velar gkh Palatal jqx Dental Sibilant zcs Retroflex zhchshr

11. Labials: b p m f Labials refer to speech sounds made using one or both lips. For example: ba bi bo bu pa pi po pu ma mi mo mu mefa fo fu

12. Alveolars: d t n l Alveolars refer to speech sounds made by putting the end of the tongue at the top of the mouth just behind the upper front teeth. For example: da de duta ti te tu na ni ne nula li le lu

13. F-1 Repeat after the instructor: bā bá bǎ bà mī mí mǐ mì dē dé dě dè nū nú nǔ nù pō pó pǒ pò fā fá fǎ fà tī tí tǐ tì lǖ lǘ lǚ lǜ

14. F-2 Circle the syllable pronounced: mū mú mǔ mù mō mó mǒ mò lī lí lǐ lì lǖ lǘ lǚ lǜ tū tú tǔ tù dū dú dǔ dù nā ná nǎ nà pō pó pǒ pò

15. F-3 Read the following syllables: 1.pá bá2.lù nù 3.lǔ nǚ4.bó pó 5. dī tī6.lú lǘ 7.tā tē 8.mǔ nǔ 9.mō mū

16. F-4 Read the following words: PinyinChineseEnglish lùdì陆地 land báhé拔河 tug-of-war pífǔ皮肤 skin tèlì特例 special case lǚbó铝箔 aluminum foil mùmǎ木马 wooden horse bófù伯父 uncle

17. F-4 Continued: PinyinChineseEnglish dìtú地图 map lǐfà理发 haircut tǐlì体力 physical strength bìmá蓖麻 castor oil plant mǎlù马路 road, street dútè独特 unique púfú匍匐 crawl

18. F-4 Continued: PinyinChineseEnglish fābù发布 issue, release mābù抹布 rag tūpò突破 break through dībà堤坝 dam làbǐ蜡笔 crayon fùmǔ父母 parents

19. F-5 In each pair, circle the one your instructor pronounces: 1.lǔ nǚ 2.mā mō 3.lù nù 4.mò mù 5.dū dē 6.tā tē

20. Classroom expressions: Chinese: 同学们好。 Pinyin: Tóngxuémen hǎo. English:Hello, students. Chinese: 老师好。 Pinyin: Lǎoshī hǎo. English:Hello, teacher.

21. Homework Complete Exercise 1. For the Pinyin pronunciation, go to the following website: http://wps.prenhall.com/wl_wu_chineselin k_1/39/10025/2566510.cw/index.html http://wps.prenhall.com/wl_wu_chineselin k_1/39/10025/2566510.cw/index.html Click Workbook: Homework Audio  1-1, 1-2, and 1-3.