2. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-1 Competitive Fitness the strength, endurance, and mental well-being required to be competitive in sports activities

3. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-2 General Fitness the ability to perform daily activities with vitality and energy, to withstand stress without undue fatigue, and to maintain physical health without medical intervention

4. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-3 Abdominal Muscle Endurance Profile — Men Bent-Leg Sit-Ups (1 Minute Timed) *Descriptive data based on compiled figures.

5. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-4 Abdominal Muscle Endurance Profile — Women Bent-Leg Sit-Ups (1 Minute Timed) *Descriptive data based on compiled figures.

6. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-5 Upper Body Muscle Endurance Profile — Men Push-Ups (to Fatigue) *Descriptive data based on compiled figures.

7. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-6 Upper Body Muscle Endurance Profile — Women Push-Ups (to Fatigue) *Descriptive data based on compiled figures.

8. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-7 Lower Body Muscle Endurance Profile — Men Bench Jump/Step (Repetitions in 1 Minute) *Descriptive data based on compiled figures.

9. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-8 Lower Body Muscle Endurance Profile — Women Bench Jump/Step (Repetitions in 1 Minute) *Descriptive data based on compiled figures.

10. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-9 Flexibility Profile — Men Sit and Reach (in inches) Adapted from YMCA Fitness Specialist Training Workbook, Third Edition. (2000). Printed with permission of the YMCA of the USA.

11. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-10 Flexibility Profile — Women Sit and Reach (in inches) Adapted from YMCA Fitness Specialist Training Workbook, Third Edition. (2000). Printed with permission of the YMCA of the USA.

12. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-11 Flexibility Profile — Men & Women Back Bend (in inches) *Descriptive data based on compiled figures.

13. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-12 Cardiorespiratory Profile — Men Pulse Recovery Step Test Adapted from YMCA Fitness Specialist Training Workbook, Third Edition. (2000). Printed with permission of the YMCA of the USA.

14. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-13 Cardiorespiratory Profile — Women Pulse Recovery Step Test Adapted from YMCA Fitness Specialist Training Workbook, Third Edition. (2000). Printed with permission of the YMCA of the USA.

15. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-14 Lean Body Weight the weight of a body after the fat weight has been subtracted

16. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-15 Recommended Body Fat Percentage Source: How to Measure Your % Bodyfat: An Instruction Manual for Measuring % Body Fat Using Skinfold Calipers; by Wallace C. Donoghue; Creative Health Products; copyright 1976, 1993. Used with permission.

17. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-16 Essential Body Fat the minimum amount of body fat necessary for the proper protection of internal organs

18. Copyright © 2002 Career Publishing, Inc. Visual 5-17 In working with Mark, a new fitness client, Bill knows he has his work cut out for him. Although Mark was an all-state basketball player in high school, that was a long time ago. He is now in his late forties, works long hours, has two kids, and wants to return to the same fitness level he was in high school in time for his class reunion. Of course, Mark wants to get it all done in a week. But, Bill has had clients like this before and knows that before they even begin to discuss time frames, he must do a physical fitness assessment. Once this is done, he can develop a plan that will help Mark meet his goal, but in a time frame that will be unlikely to cause injury. What should Bill do first, even before testing Mark’s fitness level? What are some tests Bill can use to assess Mark’s level of fitness? How would Bill determine how much weight Mark needs to lose?