1. Al Huda Scarborough – Tajweed Class
Review of Makhaarij
Al Huda Scarborough – Tajweed Class

2. OUTLINE 1. Mouth and Teeth Diagrams 2. Letters of the Oral Cavity
3. Letters of the Throat
4. Letters of the Tongue
5. Qalqala Letters
6. Characteristics of Daawd
7. Characteristics of Sheen

3. Diagram of Mouth

4. Diagram of Mouth - Teeth

5. Letters of the Oral Cavity (Al Jawf) -
This is the empty space in the mouth
The three vowel letters and sounds originate from here: Alif, Wow, and Yaa
Alif always originates from here
Waaw originates from here when its saakin and a dhammah is before it
Yaa originates from there when its saakin and a kasrah is before it

6. Alif, Waaw, Yaa

7. Yaa Raising the tongue to the roof of the mouth
Air flows
through
Makhraj
2. Voiced
3. Softness in
sound
4. Back
and Middle
of tongue
do not rise
Yaa Raising the tongue to the roof of the mouth

8. Letters of the Throat (6) Aain
Voiced
Air flow takes detour
Back of tongue does not rise
Middle of tongue does not rise
Happy/light letter

9. Aain - Makhraj

10. HAA Haa Back of tongue does not rise Middle of tongue does not rise
Voiceless
Air Flow continues
Back of tongue does not rise
Middle of tongue does not rise
Happy/Light Letter

11. Haa – Makhraj

12. Middle of tongue does not rise
Ghaain
GHAAIN
Voiced
Air Flow continues
Back of tongue rises
Middle of tongue does not rise
Awesome/Heavy Letter

13. Ghaain – Makhraj

14. Middle of tongue does not rise
Khaw
KHAAW
Voiceless
Air Flow continues
Back of tongue rises
Middle of tongue does not rise
Awesome/Heavy Letter

15. Khaaw – Makhraj

16. Hamza HAMZA Back of tongue does not rise
Voiced
Air Flow stops
Back of tongue does not rise
Middle of tongue does not rise
Happy/Light Letter

17. Hamza – Makhraj

18. HAAH Haah Back of tongue does not rise Middle of tongue does not rise
Voiceless
Air Flow continues
Back of tongue does not rise
Middle of tongue does not rise
Happy/Light Letter

19. Haah – Makhraj

20. Letters of the Tongue QAAF KAAF Extreme back of the tongue rises
Touches the SOFT palate
Voiced
Air Flow stops at makhraj
Middle of tongue does not rise
Qalqala
Back of the tongue rises
Touches HARD palate
Voiceless
Air flow stops at akhraj
Can NOT have qalqala

21. Qaaf – Makhraj

22. Kaaf – Makhraj

23. Let’s Look at the Makhraj and Characteristics of the Qalqala Letters

24. Qalqala Letters Qaaf, Taaw, Baa, Jeem, Daal
Taaw – tip of tongue touches the gums of the top two teeth
Baa – lips close
Jeem – middle of the tongue touches the hard palate
Daal – tip of the tongue touches the gums of the two top teeth
HOW DOES QALQALA OCCUR? Air flow is restricted at the makhraj; also the letters are voiced
In the Qu’ran, when stopping at a qalqala letter, you change the harakah into a saakin

25. Makhraj of Taaw

26. Makhraj of Baa

27. Makhraj of Jeem

28. JEEM Raising the tongue against the hard palate
1. Airflow
stops at
Makhraj
2. Voiced
3. Qalqalah
4. Back and
middle of
tongue do
not rise
Characteristics of Jeem
JEEM Raising the tongue against the hard palate

29. Makhraj of Daal

30. Characteristics of Daawd
Voiced
Air flow continues through the Makhraj
Back of tongue rises
Middle of tongue rises
Awesome/Heavy letter
Voice stretches along the makhraj;

31. Makhraj of Daawd

32. Placement of Tongue – Sound is Distributed towards Right and Left, NEVER Front Teeth

33. Sheen Raising the tongue towards the hard palate
Air flows
through
Makhraj
2. Voiceless
3. Spreading
of sound
4. Back
and Middle
of tongue
do not rise
Sheen Raising the tongue towards the hard palate

34. References Illustrations: All photo credits go to Dr. Ayman Swayd
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