1. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey Parametric Surface Approach to Textile Façade Cladding Prof. Ramon Sastre Eng. Müfit Eribol, MSc, MBA, Archineer h.c. Arch. Rana Dirin, Archineer h.c.

2. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » The Goal Develop systems to improve energy savings Most of external light as needed Most of heat during winter Blocking excessive radiation during summer

3. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Current Approach Glass façade cladding Textile façade cladding Canopies Shutters, eaves Roller blind Sun breakers Reflective coatings Heat isolation systems

4. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Problems with Glass Façades Locality ignored Changing climatic conditions in proximity of building ignored Glare due to extreme light levels Unpleasant feeling due to radiation

5. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey Textile Façade Cladding as the Most Popular Solution Light barrier Radiation barrier Wind barrier Heat isolation But it is monotonous and has constant cavity. »

6. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Problem with Existing Façades The glass façade cladding is static The textile façade cladding is also static However, Conditions around the building are not static.  Sun light  Wind  View preferences

7. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Problems in Ventilation The cavity is thought to provide better thermal behaviour. This holds true if cavity dimensions are sufficient. Often, it is not enough. Rain protections at top make it worse. Side openings are only useful for tangential winds.

8. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Problems in Light and Views In many countries west façades receive the sun radiation perpendicularly. Eaves and brise-soleils are not effective. Continuous solar screens prevents clear view. Poor natural light level

9. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey What can be the solution?

10. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Proposed Approach Parametric Surfaces Aesthetical freedom The cavity between the façade and the screen can be changed for different forms of ventilation

11. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Strengths and Advantages By changing the surface, Use the position of the Sun wisely Use the wind efficiently Use scene of the surrounding as wish Change the outlook of the building

12. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Continuum E.T.S. Architectura del Vallès participated in European Lifelong Learning Program First workshop in September 2008 in Lyon. Focus: Changing the façade geometry Second workshop May 2009 in Barcelona: Focus: Parametric geometry

13. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Steps taken Developed a new software to give volume Different surfaces through parameters Regular rectangular patterns on the façades Floors delimit the vertical space Vertical struts delimit horizontal space

14. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Software at First Workshop

15. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » The Model

16. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Second Workshop Focus was on parametric geometry for façades Rhinoceros & Grasshopper software Grid of rectangles called quads Created a complex surface

17. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Model of Façade

18. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » With and Without Screen Protection

19. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Node Disaggregation 1

20. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Node Disaggregation 2

21. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Node Disaggregation 3

22. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Benefits in Ventilation Triangle openings improve ventilation in a significant way. It is easy to find opening area for in and out air movements Not for just convection air movements but also for perpendicular or tangential winds.

23. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Benefits in Light and Views Based on the orientation of the building, level of light entrance can be controlled. External views are also controllable. Impact on the architectural aspect.

24. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Construction Parametric surface goes well with CNC production. Nodes of the grid are connected to façade Pegs are perpendicular to façade Pegs provide anchorages Patterning like hypars Borders can be bolt ropes or tubes

25. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Possible Applications

26. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Possible Applications

27. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Possible Applications

28. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Possible Applications

29. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Possible Applications

30. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Possible Applications

31. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Possible Applications

32. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Possible Applications

33. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey » Next Research Topics Fluids behaviour in a multi-open cavity. Temperature behaviour in this space. Influence of membrane: Material, color, porosity, etc. Automation of structural analysis of each element. Setup processes.

34. PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey Thank You! Prof. Ramon Sastre Eng. Müfit Eribol, MSc, MBA, Archineer h.c. Arch. Rana Dirin, Archineer h.c.