1. Kimberly Wyatt – Critical Reasoning

2.  Flip-flop  Waffle  Flakey  Consider new information  Change your own mind  Is it simply pandering?

3.  It is consistent if it is at least possible for it to be true  e.g. “Read my lips, no new taxes”

4.  If it simply cannot be true, then the claim is inconsistent.  e.g. It was raining on my window today, but not raining raining.

5.  Remember that because a person has been inconsistent, it does not speak to their position on matters.  We like to believe that if a person is inconsistent, so are their positions on important things. This is a fallacy. We must judge on the merits of their position. Otherwise it is the argumentum ad hominem. Judging the argument “by the man” not the actual argument.

6.  One independent event cannot affect the outcome of another.  As an example, since a die (dice) has 6 sides, you would multiply 1/6 times 1/6 to get a 1 in 36 chance of getting 2 snake eye rolls. Not 2 in 6 as some assume.

7.  A fallacy wherein the speaker doesn’t realize that independent events are truly independent  e.g. Separate coin flips have nothing to do with each other.

8.  A fallacy wherein we overlook something in a probability that everything else being equal, is it’s prior probability.  e.g. Not taking into account all the things that can change our probabilities outcome.

9.  This is a fallacy in calculating the probability of something occurring.  Taking a seemingly large sample that in reality isn’t that large and using bad math to come to completely wrong conclusions.