1. Because who can get everything right the first time?
The Amendments
Because who can get everything right the first time?

2. Bill of Rights Amendments 1-10 Remember the three categories
“Revolution Reaction” 1-4
The Law and the Courts 5-8
Non-Rights Amendments 9-10

3. Amendment 11 Proposed: March 4, 1794 Ratified: February 7, 1795
Makes States immune from suits from out-of- state citizens and foreigners not living within the state
Sovereign Immunity: States cannot be sued in court unless they agree to it
Not really an issue anymore

4. Amendment 12 Proposed: December 9, 1803 Ratified: June 15, 1804
Changed Presidential Elections
and the Vice President:
Vote for President and Vice President separately
Vice President must be constitutionally eligible to be President
Vice President granted powers of President should something happen to the President

5. Vice President requirements
35 Years Old
Natural Born Citizen
14 Years in the United States
Same as Pres!

6. The Civil War
Biggest single event that changes the Constitution

7. The Reconstruction Amendments
13, 14, 15

8. 13th Amendment Proposed: January 31, 1865 Ratified: December 6, 1865
Abolishes Slavery and involuntary servitude. Except as punishment for a crime
Allows Congress to pass laws against Sex trafficking in the modern era

9. 14th Amendment (This is a big one)
Proposed: June 13, 1866
Ratified: July 9, 1868
Deals with:
Citizenship
Privileges or Immunities
Due Process (In the States)
Equal Protection
Post-Civil War issues

10. Section One- The most used section of any Amendment in the Supreme Court
Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

11. Citizenship Under the 14th
Designed to protect the newly freed slaves
“Citizenship: to all person’s born in the United States not under a foreign power”
Issues?
Native Americans
Children of Illegal Immigrants

12. Privileges or Immunities Clause
Protects Privileges and Immunities of National citizenship from interference by the states
Ex:
Access to seaports and navigable waterways
Right to run for federal office
Protection of the federal government while on the high seas or in the jurisdiction of a foreign country
Right to travel to the seat of government
Right to peaceably assemble and petition the government
Privilege of the writ of habeas corpus
Right to participate in the government's administration

13. Right to Privacy in the 14th
Due Process Clause
Right to Privacy is part of Due Process
Right to Privacy is your personal “Liberty”
Used in cases dealing with:
Abortion
Gay Rights
Birth Control

14. Equal Protection in the 14th
States must provide equal protection under the law to all people within its jurisdiction
Created to protect freed slaves that lived in states with “Black Codes”
Used in:
Brown v. Board of Education
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Reed v. Reed
Shaw v. Reno “One Man, One Vote”
Bush v. Gore

15. 15th Amendment Proposed: February 26, 1869 Ratified: February 3, 1870
Suffrage cannot be denied based on:
Race
Color
Previous condition of servitude

16. 16th Amendment Proposed: July 12, 1909 Ratified: February 3, 1913
Allows the Federal Government to collect income tax

17. 17th Amendment Proposed: May 13, 1912 Ratified: April 8, 1913
Established the direct election of Senators by popular vote (Our vote)
Before:
State legislatures picked Senators
Why was this changed made?

18. 18th Amendment Proposed: Dec 18, 1917 Ratified: Jan 16, 1919
Prohibition of Alcohol!
Production, Transport, and Sale illegal
Consumption & Private Possession still OK

19. 19th Amendment Proposed: June 4, 1919 Ratified: August 18, 1920
Granted Women suffrage

20. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- uPcthZL2RE

21. 20th Amendment Proposed: March 2, 1932 Ratified: January 23, 1933
Moved start of Presidents term from
March 4th to January 20th
Moved start of Senators term from
March 4th to January 3rd
Why? Thoughts?
Called the “Lame Duck Amendment”

22. Can you delete something from the Constitution?
No.
You can “repeal” it
Basically say it is no longer valid

23. 21st Amendment Proposed: Feb 20, 1933 Ratified: Dec 5, 1933
Repealed the 18th amendment
18th is the only amendment to be repealed

24. 22nd Amendment Proposed: March 24, 1947 Ratified: Feb, 27 1951
Limits number of times a person can be elected President to two
Person who has served more than two years of a term to which someone else was elected cannot be elected more than once
Max number of years someone can be president: 10

25. 23rd Amendment Proposed: June 16, 1960 Ratified: March 29, 1961
D.C. represented in electoral college

26. 24th Amendment Proposed: Sep 14, 1962 Ratified: Jan 23, 1964
Prohibits Poll Taxes from blocking voting

27. 25th Amendment Proposed: July 6, 1965 Ratified: Feb 10, 1967
Sets process of Presidential Succession
Deals with Presidential disabilities
Allows a President to appoint a
New VP if there is no VP

29. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VFjHiNdjAz 8

30. “Acting President”

31. Text of a Letter from the President to the President Pro Tempore of the Senate
June 29, 2002
Dear Mr. President:
As my staff has previously communicated to you, I will undergo this morning a routine medical procedure requiring sedation. In view of present circumstances, I have determined to transfer temporarily my Constitutional powers and duties to the Vice President during the brief period of the procedure and recovery.
Accordingly, in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 of the Twenty-Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution, this letter shall constitute my written declaration that I am unable to discharge the Constitutional powers and duties of the office of President of the United States. Pursuant to Section 3, the Vice President shall discharge those powers and duties as Acting President until I transmit to you a written declaration that I am able to resume the discharge of those powers and duties.
Sincerely,

32. Text of a Letter from the President to the President Pro Tempore of the Senate June 29, 2002 Dear Mr. President: In accordance with the provisions of Section 3 of the Twenty-Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution, this letter shall constitute my written declaration that I am presently able to resume the discharge of the Constitutional powers and duties of the office of President of the United States. With the transmittal of this letter, I am resuming those powers and duties effective immediately. Sincerely,

33. Dear Kate, Elizabeth, Grace, Philip, Richard and Sam, As I write this, our nation is engaged in a war with terrorists of global reach. My principal focus as Vice President has been to help protect the American people and our way of life. The vigilance, diligence and unwavering commitment of those who protect our Nation has kept us safe from terrorist attacks of the kind we faced on September 11, We owe a special debt of gratitude to the members of our armed forces, intelligence agencies, law enforcement agencies and others who serve and sacrifice to keep us safe and free. As you grow, you will come to understand the sacrifices that each generation makes to preserve freedom and democracy for future generations, and you will assume the important responsibilities of citizens in our society. I ask of you as my grandchildren what I asked of my daughters, that you always strive in your lives to do what is right. May God bless and protect you. Acting President of the United States (Grandpa Cheney)

34. 26th Amendment Proposed: March 23, 1971 Ratified: July 1, 1971
Right to Vote for those age 18 and older
Before it was State by state
most you had to be 21

35. 27th Amendment Proposed: Sep, 25 1789 Ratified: May 7, 1992
Prevents laws affecting Congressional salary from taking effect until after the next election of representatives.
Basically cannot give themselves raises

36. BOOM!
Amendments over.
Questions?

37. Exit Ticket
Which Amendment was repealed and which amendment repealed it?
Which Amendment gave D.C. electoral college votes?
Which two Amendments deal with giving people the right to vote?
Which Three Amendments make up the Reconstruction Amendments?
Most used Amendment in the Supreme Court?