1. Work Design: Productivity and Safety
IE 419
Work Design: Productivity and Safety
Dr. Andris Freivalds
Class #15
IE 419

2. Work Design: Productivity and Safety
IE 419
Work Design: Productivity and Safety
Dr. Andris Freivalds
Class #15
IE 419

3. Basics of Basic MOST Only three activity sequences: General Move
Movement of object freely through space
½ of all work sequences
Controlled Move
Movement of object attached to another or in contact with a surface
⅓ of all work sequences
Tool/Equipment Use
1/6 of all work sequences
IE 419

4. General Move - Basics Has 4 subactivities: Grouped into 3 phases:
A = Action distance (horizontal)
B = Body motion (vertical)
G = Gain control (i.e. GET cases A, B, C)
P = Placement (i.e. PUT cases A, B, C)
Grouped into 3 phases:
Get – reach and gain control of object
Put – move object to new location
Return – distance walked back to workstation, not for hands
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5. General Move Get Put Return A B G A B P A A = Action distance
B = Body motion
G = Gain control
P = Placement
Obtain Index Values based on characteristics
Sum Index Values, multiply by 10 → TMUs
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6. Controlled Move – Typical Steps
Reach some distance with hands for object, perhaps with body motion or steps
Gain manual control of object
Move object over a controlled path, perhaps with body motion or steps
Allow time for control (a process) to occur
Align object at end of process time
Return to workplace (if needed)
IE 419

7. Controlled Move - Basics
Has 3 new subactivities:
M = Move controlled (path is controlled)
X = Process Time (controlled by mechanical devices, not manual actions)
I = Alignment (conclusion of process to achieve alignment of objects)
Grouped into 3 phases:
Get and 3) Return as before
Move over controlled path or actuate device
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8. Controlled Move Get Move/Actuate Return A B G M X I A
A = Action distance
B = Body motion
G = Gain control
M = Move controlled
X = Process Time
I = Alignment
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9. MOST - Controlled Move
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10. Ex #2 - Controlled Move Get Move/Actuate Return A1 B0 G1 M1 X10 I0 A0
Engage a feed lever on a milling machine.
Get
Move/Actuate
Return
A1 B0 G1
M1 X10 I0 A0
A1 = Reach to lever (within reach)
B0 = No body motion
G1 = Gain control of lever
M1 = Move lever (< 12 in.) to engage
X10 = Process time of ~3.5 sec
I0 = No alignment
A0 = No return
∑IV = = 13, 13x10 = 130 TMUs
IE 419

11. Controlled Move - Parameter Indexing Move Controlled (M)
M6 two stages > 24 in
or with 1-2 steps
M stages
or 3-4 steps
M steps
Extended values
M1 one stage ≤ 12 in
or press button/switch/knob
M3 one stage > 12 in
or push/pull with resistance
or seat/unseat
or high control
two stages ≤ 24 in
Note: Applies to feet also, Ex. Push pedal > 12 in → M3
IE 419

12. Move Controlled - Crank
move fingers, wrist, forearm
in circular path
more than ½ revolution
< ½ rev → push/pull/pivot
M3 = 1 rev
M6 = 2-3 rev
M10 = 4-6 rev
M16 = 7-11 rev
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13. Controlled Move – Process Time
Index Value
Seconds
Minutes
No process time 1
0.5
0.01 3
1.5
0.02 6
2.5
0.04 10
4.5
0.07 16
7.0
0.11
330
124
2.06
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14. Controlled Move – Alignment
Line up to a point(s)
Single eye focus
I1 to one point in single correcting action
I3 to two ≤ 4 in apart
I6 to two > 4 in apart
I16 with precision
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15. Controlled Move – Alignment
Nontypical Objects
(Flat, large, flimsy)
Index
Method I0
Against stop I3
1 adjust to stop I6
2 adjust to stop
1 adjust to 2 stops
I10
3 adjust to stop
2 adjust to line
Machining Operations
Index
Align to I3
Workpiece I6
Scale mark
I10
Indicator dial
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16. Ex #3 - Controlled Move Get Move/Actuate Return A3 B0 G3 M3 X0 I6 A0
A press operator moves a 4x8 ft. sheet of thin gauge steel a distance of 14 inches. The sheet is aligned to two stops on opposite ends of the sheet (not necessary to reposition hands during alignment). The operator takes one step back to gain control of the sheet.
Get
Move/Actuate
Return
A3 B0 G3
M3 X0 I6 A0
∑IV = = 15, 15x10 = 150 TMUs
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17. MOST - Controlled Move
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18. Ex #4 - Controlled Move Get Move/Actuate Return A1 B0 G3 M3 X0 I0 A0
A material handler takes hold of a heavy carton with both hands and pushes it 18 in. across conveyor rollers.
Get
Move/Actuate
Return
A1 B0 G3
M3 X0 I0 A0
∑IV = = 7, 7x10 = 70 TMUs
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19. Ex #5 - Controlled Move Get Move/Actuate Return A1 B0 G1 M1 X10 I0 A0
Using a foot pedal to activate the sewing machine, an operator sews a stitch requiring 3.5 sec process time.
Get
Move/Actuate
Return
A1 B0 G1
M1 X10 I0 A0
∑IV = = 13, 13x10 = 130 TMUs
IE 419

20. Tool/Equipment Use – Typical Steps
Get tool
Reach some distance with hands for tool, perhaps with body motion or steps
Gain manual control of tool
Put tool in place
Move tool to where it will be used, perhaps with body motion or steps
Place tool in position for use
Use tool: apply tool action
Put tool aside, perhaps for later reuse
Return to workplace (if needed)
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21. Tool Use - Subactivities
F = Fasten; assemble with fingers/tool
L = Loosen; disassemble with fingers/tool
C = Cut; separate, divide with sharp tool
S = Surface treat; apply or remove material from the surface of an object
M = Measure; compare physical characteristics of object with standard
R = Record; record info with pen/pencil
T = Think; eye actions or mental activity to obtain info or to inspect object
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22. Equipment Use - Subactivities
W = Keyboard/Typewriter; use mechanical or electronic data entry device
K = Keypad; use alphanumeric keypad such as on a PDA or telephone
H = Letter/Paper Handling; performance of various paper filing and sorting operations
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23. Tool/Equipment Use Get Put in place Use Put aside Return A B G A B P *
A = Action distance
B = Body motion
G = Gain control
P = Placement
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24. MOST – Tool Use -1
ABG ABP – tool placement prior to use
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25. MOST – Tool Use 2
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26. Ex #6 – Tool Use (Fasten/Loosen)
Obtain a nut from a parts bin located within reach, place it on the bolt, and run it down with seven finger actions.
Get
Put in place
Use
Put aside
Return
A1 B0 G1
A1 B0 P3
F10
A0 B0 P0 A0
∑IV = = 16, 16x10 = 160 TMUs
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27. Ex #7 – Tool Use (Fasten/Loosen)
From a position in front of an engine lathe, obtain a large T-wrench located five steps away, loosen one bolt on the lathe with both hands, using five arm actions. Set aside T-wrench (within reach).
Get
Put in place
Use
Put aside
Return
A10B0G1
A10B0P3
L24
A1 B0 P1 A0
∑IV = = 50,
50x10 = 500 TMUs
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28. MOST – Tool Use 3
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29. Ex #8 – Tool Use (Cut) Get Put in place Use Put aside Return A3 B0 G1
An operator picks up a knife from a bench two steps away, makes one cut across the top of a cardboard box, and sets aside knife on the bench.
Get
Put in place
Use
Put aside
Return
A3 B0 G1
A3 B0 P1 C3 A0
∑IV = = 15,
15x10 = 150 TMUs
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30. Ex #9 – Tool Use (Surface Treat)
Before marking off a piece of sheet metal for a cutting operation, the operator takes a rag from his pocket and wipes (5x) an oily film from the surface.
A1 B0 G1 A1 B0 P1 S32 A1 B0 P1 A0
= 38,
38x10 = 380 TMUs
IE 419

31. Ex #10 – Tool Use (Measure)
Before welding two steel plates, a welder obtains a square and checks the angle between the plates. The square is 3 steps away on a bench.
A6 B0 G1 A6 B0 P1 M10 A6 B0 P1 A0
= 31,
31x10 = 310 TMUs
IE 419