1. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES

2.  The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) is enforced by the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA)  OSHA is authorized by the Occupational Safety & Health Act-- a law passed by the United States Congress

3. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Requires employers to:  Develop and follow a written hazard communication program  Use labels and other forms of warnings  Retain Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), and  Provide information and training for employees

4. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  HCS is based on a simple concept--that employees have both a need and a Right To Know the hazards and identities of the chemicals they are exposed to when working  The information is communicated on a document called a Material Safety Data Sheet, an MSDS

5. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  The application of the HCS is based on normal conditions of use  A product is used as it was intended  With the same regularity for which it was marketed  Example:  Normal Condition of Use:  An office worker uses WD40 to loosen the lock of a desk  Hazardous Material Exposure:  An automotive technician uses two cans of WD40 per day

6. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Must develop a written program that covers at least:  Labels and other forms of warnings  Material Safety Data Sheets  Employee Information and Training

7. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  All materials regulated under the HCS must be identified by label, tag or marking to communicate:  Identity of the hazardous chemical  Appropriate hazard warnings

8. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES NFPA HMIG

9. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Use same criteria except:  HMIG: designed for employee to know hazards of materials they work with and how to protect themselves  NFPA: designed for transportation to know how to store material and respond to an emergency situation. NFPA does not comply with the HCS requirements

10. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES HEALTH = BLUE 0MinimalNo significant health risk 1Slight Irritation or minor reversible injury possible 2Moderate Temporary or minor injury may occur 3Serious Major injury requiring prompt medical attention possible 4ExtremeLife threatening injury from single exposure

11. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES FLAMMABILITY = RED 0Minimal Will not burn at room temperature 1Slight Flashpoint higher than 200° F 2Moderate Flashpoint between 100°F and 200°F 3Serious Flashpoint between 73°F and 100°F 4ExtremeFlashpoint is lower than 73° F

12. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES REACTIVITY = YELLOW 0Minimal Stable, will not react with water 1Slight May become unstable at elevated temperature or pressure. Will not react with water. 2Moderate Unstable. Will not detonate but will react violently with water 3Serious Unstable. Capable of explosion and reacts violently with water. 4ExtremeDetonates at room conditions.

13. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  0 = Minimal Risk  Slight irritation  1 = Going to need a bandage  2 = Going to see a Doctor  3 = Going to the hospital… for a while  It is surprising what you can live through  4 = Death  Can kill with one time exposure

14. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  “Acute” effects usually occur rapidly as a result of short-term exposures, and are of short duration  “Chronic” effects generally occur as a result of long-term exposure, and are of long duration

15. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Visible destruction, or irreversible damage to body tissue  Acids or Caustics (or bases) 1 714 pH scale

16. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES

17.  Chemicals which produce liver damage  Signs and Symptoms: jaundice, liver enlargement  Chemicals: Carbon Tetrachloride, nitrosamines

18. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Chemicals which produce kidney damage  Signs and Symptoms: edema  Chemicals: Halogenated Hydrocarbons, uranium

19. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Chemicals which produce their primary toxic effects on the nervous system  Signs and Symptoms: unconsciousness, behavioral changes, decreased motor function  Chemicals: mercury, carbon disulfide, lead

20. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Decrease hemoglobin function, deprive the body tissues of oxygen  Signs and Symptoms: cyanosis, loss of consciousness  Chemicals: carbon monoxide, cyanides

21. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Chemicals which damage pulmonary tissue  Signs and Symptoms: cough, tightness in the chest, loss of breath  Chemicals: asbestos, silica

22. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Chemicals which damage reproductive capabilities  Includes chromosomal damage (mutations) and damage to fetuses (teratogenesis)  Signs and Symptoms: birth defects, sterility  Chemicals: Lead

23. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Chemicals which effect the dermal layer of the body  Signs and Symptoms: defatting of the skin, rashes, irritation  Chemicals: ketones, chlorinated compounds

24. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Chemicals which affect the eye or visual capacity  Signs and symptoms: Conjunctivitis, corneal damage, blurred vision, burning or irritation  Chemicals: Solvents, corrosives

25. ENERGY INDUSTRY FUNDAMENTALS: MODULE 2, UNIT C — HAZARDS AND RESPONSES  Know the substances with which you are working  Recognize hazards in the workplace  Wear personal protective equipment when needed  Prevent illness and injury