1.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-1 Options Markets: Introduction Chapter 20

2.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-2 Buy - Long Sell - Short Call Put Key Elements - Exercise or Strike Price - Premium or Price - Maturity or Expiration Option Terminology

3.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-3 In the Money - exercise of the option would be profitable Call: market price>exercise price Put: exercise price>market price Out of the Money - exercise of the option would not be profitable Call: market price>exercise price Put: exercise price>market price At the Money - exercise price and asset price are equal Market and Exercise Price Relationships

4.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-4 American - the option can be exercised at any time before expiration or maturity European - the option can only be exercised on the expiration or maturity date American vs European Options

5.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-5 Stock Options Index Options Futures Options Foreign Currency Options Interest Rate Options Different Types of Options

6.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-6 Notation Stock Price = S T Exercise Price = X Payoff to Call Holder ( S T - X) if S T >X 0if S T < X Profit to Call Holder Payoff - Purchase Price Payoffs and Profits on Options at Expiration - Calls

7.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-7 Payoff to Call Writer - ( S T - X) if S T >X 0if S T < X Profit to Call Writer Payoff + Premium Payoffs and Profits on Options at Expiration - Calls

8.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-8 Payoff Profiles for Calls Payoff Stock Price 0 Call Writer Call Holder

9.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-9 Payoffs to Put Holder 0if S T > X (X - S T ) if S T < X Profit to Put Holder Payoff - Premium Payoffs and Profits at Expiration - Puts

10.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-10 Payoffs to Put Writer 0if S T > X -(X - S T )if S T < X Profits to Put Writer Payoff + Premium Payoffs and Profits at Expiration - Puts

11.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-11 Payoff Profiles for Puts 0 Payoffs Stock Price Put Writer Put Holder

12.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-12 InvestmentStrategyInvestment Equity onlyBuy stock @ 100300 shares$10,000 Options onlyBuy calls @ 101000 options$10,000 LeveragedBuy calls @ 10100 options $1,000 equityBuy T-bills @ 2% $9,000 Yield Equity, Options & Leveraged Equity - Text Example

13.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-13 IBM Stock Price $95$105$115 All Stock$9,500$10,500$11,500 All Options$0 $5,000$15,000 Lev Equity $9,270 $9,770$10,770 Equity, Options & Leveraged Equity - Payoffs

14.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-14 IBM Stock Price $95$105$115 All Stock-5.0%5.0% 15% All Options-100% -50% 50% Lev Equity -7.3%-2.3% 7.7% Equity, Options & Leveraged Equity - Rates of Return

15.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-15 Protective Put Use - limit loss Position - long the stock and long the put PayoffS T X Stock S T S T Put X - S T 0

16.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-16 Protective Put Profit STST Profit -P Stock Protective Put Portfolio

17.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-17 Covered Call Use - Some downside protection at the expense of giving up gain potential Position - Own the stock and write a call PayoffS T X Stock S T S T Call 0 - ( S T - X)

18.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-18 Covered Call Profit STST Profit -P Stock Covered Call Portfolio

19.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-19 Straddle (Same Exercise Price) Long Call and Long Put Spreads - A combination of two or more call options or put options on the same asset with differing exercise prices or times to expiration Vertical or money spread Same maturity Different exercise price Horizontal or time spread Different maturity dates Option Strategies

20.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-20 S T X Payoff for Call Owned 0S T - X Payoff for Put Written-( X -ST) 0 Total Payoff S T - X S T - X Put-Call Parity Relationship

21.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-21 Long Call Short Put Payoff Stock Price Combined = Leveraged Equity Payoff of Long Call & Short Put

22.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-22 Since the payoff on a combination of a long call and a short put are equivalent to leveraged equity, the prices must be equal. C - P = S 0 - X / (1 + r f ) T If the prices are not equal arbitrage will be possible Arbitrage & Put Call Parity

23.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-23 Stock Price = 110 Call Price = 17 Put Price = 5 Risk Free = 10.25% Maturity =.5 yr X = 105 C - P > S 0 - X / (1 + r f ) T 17- 5 > 110 - (105/1.05) 12 > 10 Since the leveraged equity is less expensive, acquire the low cost alternative and sell the high cost alternative Put Call Parity - Disequilibrium Example

24.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-24 Put-Call Parity Arbitrage ImmediateCashflow in Six Months PositionCashflowS T 105 Buy Stock-110 S T S T Borrow X/(1+r) T = 100+100-105-105 Sell Call+17 0-(S T -105) Buy Put -5105-S T 0 Total 2 0 0

25.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-25 Optionlike Securities Callable Bonds Convertible Securities Warrants Collateralized Loans

26.  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1999 INVESTMENTS Fourth Edition Bodie Kane Marcus Irwin/McGraw-Hill 20-26 Exotic Options Asian Options Barrier Options Lookback Options Currency Translated Options Binary Options